Emgudwini wokuthuthukisa imboni yolwazi lwendawo yokuhlola nokwenza imephu ukuze isebenze kahle nangokunemba, ama-fibre lasers angu-1.5 μm aba amandla ayinhloko okukhulisa imakethe emikhakheni emibili emikhulu yokuhlolwa kwezimoto zasemoyeni ezingenamuntu kanye nokuhlola okuphathwa ngesandla, ngenxa yokujwayela kwazo okujulile ezidingweni zesehlakalo. Ngokukhula okunamandla kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nokuhlola indawo ephansi kanye nokwenza imephu yezimo eziphuthumayo kusetshenziswa ama-drones, kanye nokuphindwaphindwa kwemishini yokuskena ephathwayo ibheke ekunembeni okuphezulu nokuphatheka, usayizi wemakethe yomhlaba wonke we-1.5 μ m fibre lasers wokuhlola usudlule ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.2 ngo-2024, ngesidingo sezimoto zasemoyeni ezinganamuntu kanye nokugcinwa kwe-akhawunti ye-avareji ye-6% yonyaka kanye ne-avareji ye-handheld. isilinganiso esingu-8.2%. Ngemuva kwalokhu kukhula kwesidingo ukuzwakala okuhle phakathi kokusebenza okuyingqayizivele kwebhendi engu-1.5 μ m kanye nezidingo eziqinile zokunemba, ukuphepha, nokuvumelana nezimo zemvelo ezimweni zokuhlola.
1, Uhlolojikelele Lomkhiqizo
I-"1.5um Fiber Laser Series" ye-Lumispot isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhulisa i-MOPA, obunamandla aphezulu aphezulu kanye nokusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-electro-optical, i-ASE ephansi kanye nesilinganiso somsindo womphumela ongaqondile, kanye nebanga lokushisa elibanzi elisebenzayo, okulenza lifanelekele ukusetshenziswa njengomthombo wokukhipha i-laser ye-LiDAR. Kuzinhlelo zokuhlola ezifana ne-LiDAR ne-LiDAR, i-fiber laser engu-1.5 μ m isetshenziswa njengomthombo wokukhanya okhipha umnyombo, futhi izinkomba zayo zokusebenza zinquma ngokuqondile "ukunemba" kanye "nobubanzi" bokutholwa. Ukusebenza kwalezi zilinganiso ezimbili kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokusebenza kahle nokuthembeka kwezimoto zasemoyeni ezingenamuntu ekuhloleni isimo sezwe, ukuqashelwa okuhlosiwe, ukuzulazula kwezintambo zikagesi nezinye izimo. Ngokombono wemithetho ephathekayo yokudlulisela kanye nengqondo yokucubungula isignali, izinkomba ezintathu ezibalulekile zamandla aphezulu, ububanzi bokushaya kwenhliziyo, nokuzinza kwe-wavelength yizimo eziguquguqukayo ezibalulekile ezithinta ukunemba kokutholwa nobubanzi. Indlela yabo yokusebenza ingabola ngalo lonke uchungechunge "lokudluliswa kwesiginali yokwamukela okuqondiswe emkhathini wokwamukela isignali".
2. Izinkambu zohlelo lokusebenza
Emkhakheni wokuhlolwa kwe-aerial okungenamuntu kanye nokwenza imephu, isidingo sama-fiber lasers angu-1.5 μ m siqhume ngenxa yokuxazulula kwawo okunembile kwamaphuzu obuhlungu ekusebenzeni emoyeni. Inkundla yemoto yasemoyeni engaphethwe muntu inemikhawulo eqinile kuvolumu, isisindo, namandla okusetshenziswa komthwalo okhokhelwayo, kuyilapho idizayini yesakhiwo ehlangene nezici ezingasindi ze-fiber laser engu-1.5 μ m zingaminyanisa isisindo sesistimu ye-laser radar zibe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yezinto zokusebenza zendabuko, ezijwayelana kahle nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlobo zezimoto zasemoyeni ezingenamuntu njenge-multi rotor kanye nophiko olugxilile. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, leli bhendi litholakala "efasiteleni legolide" lokudluliswa kwe-atmospheric. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-laser engu-905nm evame ukusetshenziswa, ukunqanda ukudluliswa kwayo kwehliswa ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-40 ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana nenkungu nothuli. Ngamandla aphezulu afinyelela ku-kW, ingakwazi ukuzuza ibanga lokutholwa elingaphezu kwamamitha angu-250 kokuhlosiwe okunokubonakala okungu-10%, ixazulula inkinga "yokubonakala okungacacile nesilinganiso sebanga" ezimotweni zasemoyeni ezingenamuntu ngesikhathi sohlolovo ezindaweni ezinezintaba, ogwadule nezinye izifunda. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izici zayo ezinhle kakhulu zokuphepha kwamehlo omuntu - okuvumela amandla aphezulu izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 kunawe-laser engu-905nm - yenza ama-drones asebenze ezindaweni eziphakeme ngaphandle kwesidingo semishini yokuvikela ukuphepha eyengeziwe, ukuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuphepha nokuguquguquka kwezindawo ezinomuntu ezifana nokuhlola amadolobha kanye nemephu yezolimo.
Emkhakheni wokuhlola ophathwa ngesandla kanye nokwenza imephu, isidingo esikhulayo samalaser efibre angu-1.5 μ m sihlobene eduze nezidingo eziyinhloko zokuphatheka kwedivayisi nokunemba okuphezulu. Imishini yesimanje yokuhlola ephathwa ngesandla idinga ukulinganisela ukujwayelana nezigcawu eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokusebenza kalula. Ukukhishwa komsindo ophansi nekhwalithi ephezulu ye-fiber lasers engu-1.5 μ m kunika amandla izikena eziphathwa ngesandla ukuze zifinyelele ukunemba kwesilinganiso sezinga le-micrometer, zihlangabezana nezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu ezifana nokufakwa kwedijithali kwensalela yamasiko nokutholwa kwengxenye yezimboni. Uma kuqhathaniswa namalaser endabuko angu-1.064 μ m, ikhono layo lokulwa nokuphazamiseka lithuthukiswa kakhulu ezindaweni zokukhanya okuqinile zangaphandle. Ihlanganiswe nezici zokulinganisa okungaxhumene nabo, ingathola ngokushesha idatha yefu yezingxenye ezintathu-ntathu ezimeni ezifana nokubuyiselwa kwezakhiwo zasendulo nezindawo zokuhlenga izimo eziphuthumayo, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokucutshungulwa kwangaphambili okuhlosiwe. Okuphawuleka kakhulu ukuthi umklamo wayo wokupakisha ohlangene ungahlanganiswa emishinini ephathwa ngesandla enesisindo esingaphansi kwamagremu angu-500, enebanga lokushisa elibanzi elingu -30 ℃ kuya ku+60 ℃, evumelana ngokuphelele nezidingo zemisebenzi eminingi yesimo efana nokuhlolwa kwenkundla nokuhlolwa kweshabhu.
Ngokombono wendima yawo eyinhloko, ama-laser we-fiber angu-1.5 μ m abe idivayisi eyinhloko yokubunjwa kabusha amakhono okuhlola. Ekuhlolweni kwemoto yasemoyeni engaphethwe muntu, isebenza "njengenhliziyo" yerada ye-laser, ifinyelela izinga lesentimitha elisukela ngokunemba ngokuphuma kwe-nanosecond pulse, ihlinzeka ngedatha yamafu ephoyinti le-high-density yemodeli ye-3D yendawo kanye nokutholwa kwezinto zangaphandle ngomugqa wamandla, kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kokuhlolwa kwemoto yasemoyeni engenamuntu ngezindlela ezingaphezu kwezikhathi ezintathu; Ngomongo wokuhlola umhlaba kazwelonke, amandla ayo okuthola ibanga elide angafinyelela ukuhlola okusebenzayo kwamakhilomitha-skwele ayi-10 indiza ngayinye, ngamaphutha edatha alawulwa ngaphakathi kwamasentimitha angu-5. Emkhakheni wokuhlola ophathwa ngesandla, inika amandla amadivaysi ukuze afinyelele "ukuskena nokuthola" ulwazi lokusebenza: ekuvikelweni kwamagugu amasiko, ingathwebula ngokunembile imininingwane yokwakheka kwendawo yezinsalela zamasiko futhi inikeze amamodeli e-3D ezinga lemilimitha ukuze kugcinwe kungobo yomlando yedijithali; Ebunjiniyela obuhlehlayo, idatha yejometri yezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi ingatholakala ngokushesha, isheshise ukuphindaphinda komklamo womkhiqizo; Ekuhloleni izimo eziphuthumayo kanye nemephu, ngamakhono okucubungula idatha ngesikhathi sangempela, imodeli ye-three-dimensional yendawo ethintekile ingakhiqizwa phakathi nehora elilodwa ngemva kokuzamazama komhlaba, izikhukhula, nezinye izinhlekelele, ukunikeza ukusekelwa okubalulekile kokuthatha izinqumo zokuhlenga. Kusukela ocwaningweni olukhulu lwasemoyeni kuye ekuskeneni okunembayo komhlaba, i-fiber laser engu-1.5 μ m ishayela imboni yokuhlola ingene enkathini entsha "yokunemba okuphezulu+okuphezulu ukusebenza kahle".
3. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko
Ingqikithi yobubanzi bokutholwa yibanga elikude kakhulu lapho ama-photons akhishwa i-laser anganqoba ukuncisha umkhathi nokulahlekelwa kokuboniswa kwethagethi, futhi asathwetshulwa ukuphela kokwamukela njengamasiginali asebenzayo. Izinkomba ezilandelayo zomthombo ogqamile we-laser 1.5 μ m fiber laser zibusa ngokuqondile le nqubo:
① Amandla aphezulu (kW): ajwayelekile angu-3kW@3ns &100kHz; Umkhiqizo othuthukisiwe ongu-8kW@3ns &100kHz "amandla okushayela ayisisekelo" ebangeni lokutholwa, amele amandla asheshayo akhishwa i-laser ngaphakathi kokushaya okukodwa, futhi iyisici esiyinhloko esinquma amandla amasiginali webanga elide. Ekutholweni kwe-drone, ama-photon adinga ukuhamba amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zamamitha emkhathini, okungabangela ukuncipha ngenxa yokuhlakazeka kwe-Rayleigh kanye nokumuncwa kwe-aerosol (yize ibhendi engu-1.5 μ m ingele "windi lomkhathi", kusekhona ukuncipha kwemvelo). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhanya okuqondisiwe kwendawo (njengokwehluka kwezitshalo, izinsimbi, namadwala) nakho kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwesignali. Lapho amandla aphakeme enyuswa, ngisho nangemuva kokuncishiswa kwebanga elide nokulahlekelwa kokubonisa, inani lama-photon afinyelela ekugcineni kokwamukela lisengakwazi ukuhlangabezana "nomkhawulo wesilinganiso sesignali-kuya-nomsindo", ngaleyo ndlela kunwetshwe ububanzi bokuthola - isibonelo, ngokukhuphula amandla aphezulu we-fiber laser engu-1.5 μ m ukusuka ku-1kW ukuya ku-5kW, ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo ze-atmos, ukutholwa kungabonisa ububanzi obungu-10% bomkhathi ofanayo. kusuka kumamitha angu-200 kuya kumamitha angu-350, ukuxazulula ngokuqondile iphuzu lobuhlungu "lokungakwazi ukukala kude" ezimweni zokuhlola ezinkulu ezifana nezindawo zezintaba nezingwadule zama-drones.
② Ububanzi be-Pulse (ns): bulungiseka ukusuka ku-1 kuye ku-10ns. Umkhiqizo ojwayelekile unezinga lokushisa eligcwele (-40~85 ℃) izinga lokushisa lobubanzi be-pulse ≤ 0.5ns; ngokuqhubekayo, ingafinyelela izinga lokushisa eligcwele (-40~85 ℃) ishayela ububanzi lokushisa drift of ≤ 0.2ns. Le nkomba “iyisikali sesikhathi” sokunemba kwebanga, esimelela ubude besikhathi sokushaywa kwe-laser. Umgomo wokubala ibanga lokutholwa kwe-drone "ibanga=(isivinini sokukhanya x isikhathi sohambo lokuya nokubuya)/2", ngakho ububanzi beshayela bunquma ngokuqondile "ukunemba kokulinganisa isikhathi". Lapho ububanzi be-pulse buncishisiwe, "ubukhali besikhathi" be-pulse buyanda, futhi iphutha lesikhathi phakathi "kwesikhathi sokukhishwa kwe-pulse" kanye "nesikhathi sokwamukela ishayela esibonisiwe" ekugcineni kokwamukela kuzoncishiswa kakhulu.
③ Ukuzinza kwe-Wavelength: phakathi kuka-1pm/℃, ububanzi bomugqa ezingeni lokushisa eligcwele elingu-0.128nm "i-anchor yokunemba" ngaphansi kokuphazamiseka kwemvelo, kanye nohla lokuguquguquka kwe-laser okukhiphayo ubude bezinga lokushisa kanye nokushintsha kwamandla kagesi. Isistimu yokubona kubhendi ye-wavelength engu-1.5 μ m ivamise ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-"wavelength diversity reception" noma "interferometry" ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba, futhi ukushintshashintsha kwe-wavelength kungabangela ngokuqondile ukuchezuka kwebhentshimakhi yokulinganisa - isibonelo, lapho indiza egijimayo ezindizayo isebenza endaweni ephakeme, izinga lokushisa le-ambient linganyuka lisuka ku -10 ℃ liye ku-130 ℃. Uma i-wavelength lokushisa i-coefficient ye-fibre laser engu-1.5 μ m ingu-5pm/℃, ubude begagasi buzoshintshashintsha ngo-200pm, futhi iphutha elihambisanayo lokulinganisa ibanga lizokwenyuka ngamamilimitha angu-0.3 (kususelwa kufomula yokuhlanganisa phakathi kobude begagasi nesivinini sokukhanya). Ikakhulukazi ekuhloleni kwentambo yamandla yemoto yasemoyeni engenamuntu, imingcele enembile efana ne-wire sag nebanga phakathi kolayini kudingeka ikalwe. Ubude begagasi obungazinzile bungabangela ukuchezuka kwedatha futhi kuthinte ukuhlolwa kokuphepha komugqa; I-laser engu-1.5 μ m isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhiya i-wavelength ingalawula ukuzinza kwe-wavelength phakathi kuka-1pm/℃, iqinisekise ukunemba kokutholwa kwezinga lesentimitha ngisho noma kwenzeka izinguquko zezinga lokushisa.
④ I-synergy yenkomba: "Ibhalansi" phakathi kokunemba kanye nobubanzi ezimweni zangempela zokutholwa kwe-drone, lapho izinkomba zingenzi ngokuzimela, kodwa kunobudlelwano bokusebenzisana noma obunomkhawulo. Isibonelo, amandla aphezulu akhuphukayo anganweba ububanzi bokuthola, kodwa kuyadingeka ukulawula ububanzi be-pulse ukuze ugweme ukwehla kokunemba (ibhalansi "yamandla aphezulu+i-pulse emincane" idinga ukutholwa ngobuchwepheshe bokucindezela ukushaya kwenhliziyo); Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yohlaka kungathuthukisa ngasikhathi sinye ububanzi nokunemba (ukugxiliswa kwe-beam kunciphisa ukumosheka kwamandla kanye nokuphazamiseka kokulinganisa okubangelwa amachashazi okukhanya agqagqene ebangeni elide). Inzuzo yelaser ye-fiber engu-1.5 μ m ilele ekhonweni layo lokuzuza ukulungiselelwa okuphelele kokuthi "amandla aphezulu aphezulu (1-10 kW), ububanzi be-pulse obuncane (1-10 ns), ikhwalithi ephezulu ye-beam (M ²<1.5), nokuzinza kwe-wavelength ephezulu (<1pm/℃)" ngokusebenzisa izici zokulahlekelwa okuphansi kwemidiya ye-fiber moduse nobuchwepheshe be-pulse. Lokhu kuzuza impumelelo ekabili "yebanga elide (amamitha angu-300-500)+ukunemba okuphezulu (izinga lesentimitha)" ekutholweni kwemoto yasemoyeni engenamuntu, okuphinde kube ukuncintisana kwayo okuyinhloko ekuthatheni indawo yamalaser endabuko angu-905nm no-1064nm ekuhloleni izimoto zasemoyeni ezingenamuntu, ukuhlenga izimo eziphuthumayo nezinye izimo.
Yenza ngokwezifiso
✅ Ububanzi be-pulse obulungisiwe kanye nezidingo zokushisa kwe-pulse ububanzi
✅ Uhlobo lokukhiphayo&igatsha lokukhiphayo
✅ Ireferensi yokuhlukaniswa kwegatsha elikhanyayo
✅ Ukuqina kwamandla okumaphakathi
✅ Isidingo sendawo
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-28-2025