Ukuhlaziywa Kwezinhlobo Zokufaka Ikhodi Nge-Laser: Izimiso Zobuchwepheshe Nezicelo Zekhodi Yokuphindaphinda Okunembayo, Ikhodi Yesikhawu Yokushayeka Okuguquguqukayo, kanye Nekhodi Ye-PCM

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-laser budlondlobala kakhulu emikhakheni efana nokusukela, ukuxhumana, ukuzulazula, nokuzwa ukude, izindlela zokuguquguquka nezindlela zokufaka ikhodi zamasignali e-laser nazo sezihluke kakhulu futhi zaba yinkimbinkimbi. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okumelana nokuphazamiseka, ukunemba okuhlukahlukene, kanye nokusebenza kahle kokudluliswa kwedatha, onjiniyela basungule amasu ombhalo wekhodi ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa Ikhodi Yokuphindaphinda Okuphindwe Kakhulu (i-PRF), Ikhodi Yokuguquguquka Yokuphuphuma Komsindo, kanye Nokumodareyitha Kwekhodi Yokushaya (PCM).

Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuhlaziya okujulile kwalezi zinhlobo zombhalo wekhodi we-laser ukukusiza uqonde izimiso zazo zokusebenza, izici zobuchwepheshe, nezimo zohlelo lokusebenza.

1. Ikhodi Yokuphindaphinda Okunembayo (Ikhodi ye-PRF)

①Isimiso Sobuchwepheshe
Ikhodi ye-PRF iyindlela yombhalo wekhodi odlulisa amasignali okushaya kwenhliziyo ngefrikhwensi yokuphindaphinda okungaguquki (isb, 10 kHz, 20 kHz). Kumasistimu e-laser arange, i-pulse ngayinye ebuyisiwe iyahlukaniswa ngokusekelwe kubuningi bayo bokukhishwa obunembile, obulawulwa ngokuqinile yisistimu.

②Izici Eziyinhloko

Isakhiwo esilula kanye nezindleko zokuqalisa eziphansi

Ifanele izilinganiso zebanga elifushane kanye neziqondiso zokubonakala okuphezulu

Kulula ukuvumelanisa nezinhlelo zewashi le-elektroniki lendabuko

Ukungasebenzi kahle ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi noma izimo eziqondiwe eziningi ngenxa yengozi“I-echo enamanani amaningi”ukuphazamiseka

③Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza
I-Laser rangefinder, imishini yokukala ibanga eliqondiwe eyodwa, amasistimu okuhlola izimboni

2. Ikhodi yesikhawu se-Pulse Interval (Ikhodi Engahleliwe noma eguquguqukayo ye-Pulse Interval)

①Isimiso Sobuchwepheshe
Le ndlela yombhalo wekhodi ilawula izikhawu zesikhathi phakathi kwama-laser pulses ukuze zingahleliwe noma mbumbulu-okungahleliwe (isb, ukusebenzisa ijeneretha yokulandelana okungahleliwe), kunokuba igxilile. Lokhu kungahleliwe kusiza ukuhlukanisa amasignali okubuyisela futhi kunciphise ukuphazamiseka kwezindlela eziningi.

②Izici Eziyinhloko

Amandla aqinile wokulwa nokuphazamiseka, alungele ukutholwa okuqondiwe ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi

Icindezela ngempumelelo ama-echoes ayisipoki

Ubunkimbinkimbi bokwenza amakhodi obuphakeme, obudinga amaphrosesa anamandla kakhulu

Ifanele ukunemba okuphezulu nokutholwa okuqondiwe okuningi

③Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza
Amasistimu we-LiDAR, amasistimu okuqapha i-UAV/ukuphepha, ukuhlukahluka kwelaser yezempi kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlonza okuqondiwe

3. I-Pulse Code Modulation (PCM Code)

①Isimiso Sobuchwepheshe
I-PCM iyindlela yokushintshashintsha yedijithali lapho amasiginali e-analog ethathwa njengesampula, alinganiswa inani, futhi afakwe ikhodi ibe yifomu kanambambili. Ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana nge-laser, idatha ye-PCM ingaphathwa ngama-laser pulses ukuze kuzuzwe ukudluliswa kolwazi.

②Izici Eziyinhloko

Ukudluliselwa okuzinzile nokumelana nomsindo okuqinile

Iyakwazi ukudlulisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zolwazi, okuhlanganisa umsindo, imiyalo, nedatha yesimo

Idinga ukuvumelanisa kwewashi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqoshwa okufanele kumamukeli

Idinga ama-modulators asebenza kahle kakhulu nama-demodulators

③Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza
Amatheminali okuxhumana nge-laser (isb, amasistimu okuxhumana e-Free Space Optical), isilawuli kude se-laser semicibisholo/imikhumbi-mkhathi, ukubuyiswa kwedatha kumasistimu we-laser telemetry

4. Isiphetho

Njengoba i“ubuchopho”wezinhlelo ze-laser, ubuchwepheshe bokufaka ikhodi nge-laser bunquma ukuthi ulwazi lusakazwa kanjani nokuthi uhlelo lusebenza kahle kangakanani. Kusukela kumakhodi ayisisekelo e-PRF kuya enguqulweni ethuthukisiwe ye-PCM, ukukhetha kanye nokwakheka kwezikimu zombhalo wekhodi kube ukhiye wokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesistimu ye-laser.

Ukukhetha indlela yombhalo wekhodi efanele kudinga ukucatshangelwa okuphelele kwesimo sohlelo lokusebenza, amazinga okuphazamiseka, inani lezinto ezihlosiwe, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla esistimu. Isibonelo, uma inhloso kuwukwakha uhlelo lwe-LiDAR lokumodela kwe-3D yasemadolobheni, ikhodi yesikhawu ye-pulse eguquguqukayo enekhono eliqinile lokulwa ne-jamming iyakhethwa. Kumathuluzi alula wokulinganisa ibanga, ikhodi yokuphindaphinda enembayo imvamisa ingase yanele.