Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-laser busabalala kakhulu emikhakheni efana nokulinganisa, ukuxhumana, ukuzulazula, kanye nokuzwa okukude, izindlela zokuguqula nokufaka ikhodi zezimpawu ze-laser nazo ziye zahlukahluka kakhulu futhi zaba yinkimbinkimbi. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhono lokulwa nokuphazamiseka, ukunemba kokulinganisa, kanye nokusebenza kahle kokudlulisa idatha, onjiniyela bathuthukise amasu ahlukahlukene okufaka ikhodi, okuhlanganisa i-Precision Repetition Frequency (PRF) Code, i-Variable Pulse Interval Code, kanye ne-Pulse Code Modulation (PCM).
Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuhlaziywa okujulile kwalezi zinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokufaka ikhodi ye-laser ukuze sikusize uqonde izimiso zazo zokusebenza, izici zobuchwepheshe, kanye nezimo zohlelo lokusebenza.
1. Ikhodi Yokuphindaphinda Okunembile (Ikhodi ye-PRF)
①Isimiso Sobuchwepheshe
Ikhodi ye-PRF iyindlela yokufaka ikhodi edlulisa izimpawu ze-pulse ngemvamisa yokuphindaphinda engaguquki (isb., 10 kHz, 20 kHz). Ezinhlelweni zokulinganisa nge-laser, i-pulse ngayinye ebuyisiwe ihlukaniswa ngokusekelwe kwimvamisa yayo eqondile yokukhishwa, elawulwa ngokuqinile uhlelo.
②Izici Eziyinhloko
Isakhiwo esilula kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokusebenzisa
Ifanelekela ukulinganisa okufushane kanye nezinhloso zokukhanya okuphezulu
Kulula ukuvumelanisa nezinhlelo zewashi zendabuko ze-elekthronikhi
Akusebenzi kahle ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi noma ezimweni eziningi ngenxa yengozi yokuthi"i-echo enamanani amaningi"ukuphazamiseka
③Izimo Zohlelo Lokusebenza
Ama-rangefinder e-laser, amadivayisi okulinganisa ibanga eliqondiwe elilodwa, izinhlelo zokuhlola zezimboni
2. Ikhodi Yesikhawu Sokushaya Okuguquguqukayo (Ikhodi Yesikhawu Sokushaya Okungahleliwe noma Okuguquguqukayo)
①Isimiso Sobuchwepheshe
Le ndlela yokufaka ikhodi ilawula izikhawu zesikhathi phakathi kwama-laser pulses ukuthi zibe ezingahleliwe noma ezingahleliwe (isb., kusetshenziswa i-pseudo-random sequence generator), kunokuba zilungiswe. Lokhu kungahleliwe kusiza ukuhlukanisa izimpawu zokubuyisa nokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwezindlela eziningi.
②Izici Eziyinhloko
Amandla aqinile okulwa nokuphazamiseka, alungele ukutholwa kwezinjongo ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi
Icindezela ngempumelelo ama-ghost echoes
Ubunzima obukhulu bokuhlela amakhodi, okudinga amaprosesa anamandla kakhulu
Ifanelekela ukuhlukanisa okunembe kakhulu kanye nokutholwa kwama-target amaningi
③Izimo Zohlelo Lokusebenza
Izinhlelo ze-LiDAR, izinhlelo zokuqapha ezilwa ne-UAV/zokuphepha, izinhlelo zokulinganisa nge-laser yezempi kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlonza izithagethi
3. Ukuguqulwa Kwekhodi Yokushaya (Ikhodi ye-PCM)
①Isimiso Sobuchwepheshe
I-PCM iyindlela yokuguqula yedijithali lapho izimpawu ze-analog zithathwa khona amasampula, zilinganiswe, futhi zifakwe ikhodi zibe yi-binary form. Ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana nge-laser, idatha ye-PCM ingathwalwa ngama-laser pulses ukuze kufezwe ukudluliswa kolwazi.
②Izici Eziyinhloko
Ukudluliselwa okuzinzile kanye nokumelana nomsindo okuqinile
Iyakwazi ukudlulisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zolwazi, kufaka phakathi umsindo, imiyalo, kanye nedatha yesimo
Kudinga ukuvumelanisa iwashi ukuqinisekisa ukuqopha okufanele kumamukeli
Ifuna ama-modulators kanye nama-demodulators asebenza kahle kakhulu
③Izimo Zohlelo Lokusebenza
Amatheminali okuxhumana nge-laser (isb., Izinhlelo zokuxhumana ze-Free Space Optical), isilawuli kude se-laser semicibisholo/imikhumbi-mkhathi, ukubuyiselwa kwedatha ezinhlelweni ze-laser telemetry
4. Isiphetho
Njengoba"ubuchopho"kwezinhlelo ze-laser, ubuchwepheshe bokufaka ikhodi ye-laser bunquma ukuthi ulwazi ludluliselwa kanjani nokuthi uhlelo lusebenza kahle kangakanani. Kusukela kumakhodi ayisisekelo e-PRF kuya ekuguqulweni kwe-PCM okuthuthukisiwe, ukukhetha kanye nokuklama izinhlelo zokufaka ikhodi kube yisihluthulelo sokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kohlelo lwe-laser.
Ukukhetha indlela efanele yokufaka ikhodi kudinga ukucatshangelwa okubanzi kwesimo sohlelo lokusebenza, amazinga okuphazamiseka, inani lama-target, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla esistimu. Isibonelo, uma umgomo ukwakha uhlelo lwe-LiDAR lokumodela i-3D yasemadolobheni, ikhodi yesikhawu se-variable pulse enekhono eliqinile lokulwa nokujama iyathandwa. Kumathuluzi okulinganisa ibanga alula, ikhodi yemvamisa yokuphindaphinda ngokunemba inganele.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-12-2025