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Ubuchwepheshe be-Direct Time-of-Flight (dTOF) buyindlela entsha yokukala ngokunembile isikhathi sokundiza kokukhanya, kusetshenziswa indlela ye-Time Correlated Single Photon Counting (TCSPC). Lobu buchwepheshe buyingxenye yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, kusukela ekuzweleni ukusondela kuma-electronics abathengi kuya ezinhlelweni ze-LiDAR ezithuthukisiwe ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zezimoto. Emongweni wayo, izinhlelo ze-dTOF zakhiwe izingxenye eziningana ezibalulekile, ngayinye idlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukulinganisa ibanga okunembile.
Izingxenye Eziyinhloko Zezinhlelo ze-dTOF
Umshayeli we-Laser kanye ne-Laser
Umshayeli we-laser, ingxenye ebalulekile yesekethe yokudlulisa, ukhiqiza amasignali e-digital pulse ukulawula ukukhishwa kwe-laser ngokushintsha kwe-MOSFET. Ama-Laser, ikakhulukaziAma-Laser Akhipha Ubuso Obungaphakathi Obuqondile(ama-VCSEL), ayathandwa ngenxa ye-spectrum yawo emincane, amandla aphezulu, amakhono okushintshashintsha okusheshayo, kanye nokulula kokuhlanganiswa. Kuye ngokusetshenziswa, amaza obubanzi obungu-850nm noma angu-940nm akhethwa ukuze kulinganiswe phakathi kweziqongo zokumuncwa kwe-spectrum yelanga kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-quantum yenzwa.
Ukudlulisa Nokwamukela Ama-Optics
Ngasohlangothini lokudlulisa, ilensi elula ye-optical noma inhlanganisela yamalensi e-collimating kanye nama-Diffractive Optical Elements (DOEs) aqondisa umsebe we-laser ngaphesheya kwensimu yokubuka oyifunayo. Ama-optics amukelayo, ahlose ukuqoqa ukukhanya ngaphakathi kwensimu yokubuka okuqondiwe, azuza kumalensi anezinombolo ze-F eziphansi kanye nokukhanya okuphezulu okuhlobene, kanye nezihlungi ze-narrowband ukuze kuqedwe ukuphazamiseka kokukhanya okungaphandle.
Izinzwa ze-SPAD ne-SiPM
Ama-diode e-avalanche e-single-photon (SPAD) kanye nama-photomultiplier e-Silicon (SiPM) yiwona ama-sensor ayinhloko ezinhlelweni ze-dTOF. Ama-SPAD ahlukaniswa ngekhono lawo lokuphendula kuma-photon angawodwa, okubangela ugesi we-avalanche onamandla nge-photon eyodwa kuphela, okwenza abe afaneleke kakhulu ekulinganisweni okunembe kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, usayizi wawo omkhulu wamaphikseli uma uqhathaniswa nezinzwa ze-CMOS zendabuko ukhawulela ukuxazululwa kwendawo kwezinhlelo ze-dTOF.
Isiguquli Sesikhathi Esiya Kwedijithali (TDC)
Isekethe ye-TDC ihumusha izimpawu ze-analog zibe izimpawu zedijithali ezimelelwa yisikhathi, ithwebula umzuzu oqondile lapho i-pulse ngayinye ye-photon iqoshwa khona. Lokhu kunemba kubalulekile ekunqumeni indawo yento eqondiwe ngokusekelwe ku-histogram yama-pulse aqoshiwe.
Ukuhlola Amapharamitha Okusebenza e-dTOF
Ububanzi Bokuthola Nokunemba
Ububanzi bokuthola uhlelo lwe-dTOF bukhula ngokwesayensi kuze kufike lapho ukukhanya kwalo kungahamba khona futhi kubonakale emuva ku-sensor, okubonakala ngokuhlukile emsindweni. Kuma-electronics abathengi, ukugxila kuvame ukuba ngaphakathi kwebanga elingamamitha angu-5, kusetshenziswa ama-VCSEL, kuyilapho izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimoto zingadinga amabanga okuthola angamamitha ayi-100 noma ngaphezulu, okudinga ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile njenge-EEL nomaama-laser efayibha.
chofoza lapha ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngomkhiqizo
Ububanzi Obungenakuphikiswa Obukhulu
Ububanzi obukhulu obungenakho ukucaca buxhomeke esikhawulweni esiphakathi kwama-pulse akhishwayo kanye nemvamisa yokuguquguquka kwe-laser. Isibonelo, ngemvamisa yokuguquguquka engu-1MHz, ububanzi obungacacile bungafinyelela ku-150m.
Ukunemba kanye nephutha
Ukunemba ezinhlelweni ze-dTOF kunqunyelwe ngokwemvelo ububanzi be-pulse ye-laser, kuyilapho amaphutha angavela ekungaqiniseki okuhlukahlukene ezingxenyeni, okuhlanganisa umshayeli we-laser, impendulo ye-SPAD sensor, kanye nokunemba kwesekethe ye-TDC. Amasu afana nokusebenzisa i-reference SPAD angasiza ekunciphiseni la maphutha ngokusungula isisekelo sesikhathi nebanga.
Ukumelana Nomsindo Nokuphazamiseka
Izinhlelo ze-dTOF kumele zibhekane nomsindo wangemuva, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinokukhanya okunamandla. Amasu anjengokusebenzisa amaphikseli amaningi e-SPAD anamazinga ahlukahlukene okunciphisa angasiza ekubhekaneni nale nselele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhono le-dTOF lokuhlukanisa phakathi kokubonakaliswa okuqondile kanye nokwe-multipath kuthuthukisa ukuqina kwayo ngokumelene nokuphazamiseka.
Isixazululo Sendawo Nokusetshenziswa Kwamandla
Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe bezinzwa ze-SPAD, njengokushintsha kusuka ezinqubweni zokukhanyisa ezingaphambili (i-FSI) kuya ezinqubweni zokukhanyisa ezingemuva (i-BSI), kuthuthukise kakhulu amazinga okumuncwa kwe-photon kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezinzwa. Le ntuthuko, kuhlanganiswe nesimo se-pulsed sezinhlelo ze-dTOF, kuphumela ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo zamagagasi aqhubekayo njenge-iTOF.
Ikusasa Lobuchwepheshe be-dTOF
Naphezu kwezithiyo zobuchwepheshe eziphakeme kanye nezindleko ezihambisana nobuchwepheshe be-dTOF, izinzuzo zayo ngokunemba, ububanzi, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla kuyenza ibe yisinqumo esithembisayo sezinhlelo zokusebenza zesikhathi esizayo emikhakheni eyahlukahlukene. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa kanye nomklamo wesekethe kagesi kuqhubeka nokuguquka, izinhlelo ze-dTOF zilungele ukusetshenziswa kabanzi, ziqhubekisele phambili ukusungula izinto ezintsha kuma-electronics abathengi, ukuphepha kwezimoto, nangale kwalokho.
- Kusuka ekhasini lewebhu02.02 TOF系统 第二章 dTOF系统 - 超光 Ngokushesha kunokukhanya (faster-than-light.net)
- ngumbhali: uChao Guang
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-07-2024