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Ama-Ring Laser Gyroscopes (ama-RLG) athuthuke kakhulu selokhu asungulwa, edlala indima ebalulekile ezinhlelweni zanamuhla zokuzulazula nezokuthutha. Lesi sihloko sigxila ekuthuthukisweni, isimiso, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-RLG, sigcizelela ukubaluleka kwawo ezinhlelweni zokuzulazula ezingenayo i-inertial kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo ezindleleni ezahlukene zokuhamba.
Uhambo Lomlando Lwe-Gyroscopes
Kusukela Kumqondo Kuya Ekuzulazuleni Kwanamuhla
Uhambo lwama-gyroscope lwaqala ngokusungulwa kwe-gyrocompass yokuqala ngo-1908 ngu-Elmer Sperry, obizwa ngokuthi "ubaba wobuchwepheshe besimanje bokuzulazula," noHerman Anschütz-Kaempfe. Eminyakeni edlule, ama-gyroscope abone intuthuko enkulu, ethuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwawo ekuzulazuleni nasekuthuthweni. Lokhu kuthuthuka kuye kwenza ama-gyroscope akwazi ukunikeza isiqondiso esibalulekile sokuzinzisa izindiza zezindiza nokuvumela ukusebenza kwe-autopilot. Umboniso ophawulekayo kaLawrence Sperry ngoJuni 1914 wabonisa amandla e-gyroscopic autopilot ngokuzinzisa indiza ngenkathi imi e-cockpit, okwaphawula intuthuko ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe be-autopilot.
Ukushintshela ku-Ring Laser Gyroscopes
Ukuthuthuka kwaqhubeka ngokusungulwa kwe-ring laser gyroscope yokuqala ngo-1963 nguMacek noDavis. Lokhu kusungula izinto kwaphawula ushintsho oluvela kuma-gyroscope omshini kuya kuma-laser gyros, okwakunikeza ukunemba okuphezulu, ukugcinwa okuphansi, kanye nezindleko ezincishisiwe. Namuhla, ama-ring laser gyros, ikakhulukazi ekusetshenzisweni kwezempi, abusa imakethe ngenxa yokuthembeka kwawo kanye nokusebenza kahle ezindaweni lapho izimpawu ze-GPS zisengozini khona.
Isimiso Se-Ring Laser Gyroscopes
Ukuqonda Umphumela weSagnac
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wama-RLG usekukwazini kwawo ukunquma ukuqondiswa kwento esikhaleni esingenantambo. Lokhu kufezwa ngomphumela we-Sagnac, lapho i-interferometer yendandatho isebenzisa khona imisebe ye-laser ehamba ngezindlela eziphambene eduze kwendlela evaliwe. Iphethini yokuphazamiseka edalwe yile misebe isebenza njengendawo yokubhekisela engashintshi. Noma yikuphi ukunyakaza kushintsha ubude bendlela yale misebe, okubangela ushintsho kuphethini yokuphazamiseka ngokulingana nejubane le-angular. Le ndlela ehlakaniphile ivumela ama-RLG ukuthi alinganise ukuqondiswa ngokunemba okungavamile ngaphandle kokuthembela ezireferensini zangaphandle.
Izicelo Zokuzulazula Nokuthutha
Ukuguqula Izinhlelo Zokuzulazula Ezingenamsebenzi (i-INS)
Ama-RLG abalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwe-Inertial Navigation Systems (INS), abalulekile ekuqondiseni imikhumbi, izindiza, kanye nemicibisholo ezindaweni ezinqatshelwe i-GPS. Ukwakheka kwawo okuncane, okungenazingxabano kuwenza afaneleke kakhulu kuzinhlelo ezinjalo, okufaka isandla ezixazululweni zokuzulazula ezithembeke kakhulu nezinembile.
Ipulatifomu Ezinzile vs. I-Strap-Down INS
Ubuchwepheshe be-INS bushintshe baba yizinhlelo zepulatifomu ezizinzile kanye nezinhlelo eziboshiwe. Ipulatifomu ezinzile I-INS, naphezu kobunzima bayo bokusebenza kanye nokuguguleka kwayo, inikeza ukusebenza okuqinile ngokuhlanganiswa kwedatha ye-analog.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinhlelo ze-INS ezibophayo ziyazuza esimweni esincane nesingenakho ukulungiswa kwama-RLG, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo kwezindiza zesimanje ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo kahle kwezindleko kanye nokunemba.
Ukuthuthukisa Ukuzulazula Kwemishini Ecijile
Ama-RLG nawo adlala indima ebalulekile ezinhlelweni zokuqondisa zezibhamu ezihlakaniphile. Ezindaweni lapho i-GPS ingathembeki khona, ama-RLG ahlinzeka ngenye indlela ethembekile yokuhamba. Ubuncane bawo kanye nokumelana namandla amakhulu kuwenza afanelekele imicibisholo namagobolondo ezikhali, okuboniswa yizinhlelo ezifana ne-Tomahawk cruise missile kanye ne-M982 Excalibur.
Umdwebo wesibonelo seplatifomu eqinile ye-gimbale inertial esebenzisa izikhonkwane. Ngomusa we-Engineering 360.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-01-2024