Inhliziyo yama-Semiconductor Lasers: Ukubheka Okujulile Kwe-Gain Medium

Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe be-optoelectronic, ama-lasemiconductor lasers asesetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene efana nezokuxhumana, umuthi, ukucubungula izimboni, kanye ne-LiDAR, ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwawo okuphezulu, usayizi ohlangene, kanye nokuguquguquka kalula. Umnyombo walobu buchwepheshe kukhona i- gain medium, edlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Isebenza njenge-“umthombo wamandla”evumela ukukhishwa okuvuselelwe kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-laser, enquma i-laser's ukusebenza, ubude begagasi, namandla okusebenza.

1. Iyini i-Gain Medium?

Njengoba igama liphakamisa, i- gain medium iwumsebenzi ohlinzeka ngokukhulisa i-optical. Uma ijatshuliswa imithombo yamandla yangaphandle (efana nomjovo kagesi noma ukupompa i-optical), ikhulisa ukukhanya kwesigameko ngokusebenzisa indlela yokukhipha okukhuthazwayo, okuholela ekukhishweni kwe-laser.

Kuma-lasers we-semiconductor, i- gain medium ngokuvamile yakhiwa isifunda esisebenzayo ekuhlanganeni kwe-PN, ukwakheka kwayo kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukwakheka, nezindlela ze-doping ezithinta ngokuqondile amapharamitha angukhiye afana ne-threshold current, ubude beza, ukusebenza kahle, nezici ezishisayo.

2. Izinto Ezivamile Zokuzuza ku-Semiconductor Lasers

I-III-V semiconductors eyinhlanganisela yizinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokuzuza. Izibonelo ezijwayelekile zifaka:

①I-GaAs (Gallium Arsenide)

Ifanele ama-lasers aphuma ku-850-980 nm ububanzi, esetshenziswa kabanzi kwezokuxhumana optical nokuphrinta laser.

②I-InP (Indidium Phosphide)

Isetshenziselwa ukukhishwa kwamabhendi angu-1.3 µm no-1.55 µm, okubalulekile ekuxhumaneni kwe-fiber-optic.

③I-InGaAsP / AlGaAs / InGaN

Izingoma zabo zingacutshungulwa ukuze kuzuzwe amaza ahlukene, okwenza isisekelo semiklamo ye-laser ye-tunable-wavelength.

Lezi zinto ezisetshenziswayo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa izakhiwo ze-bandgap eziqondile, ezizenza zisebenze kahle kakhulu ekuhlanganisweni kwe-electron-hole ne-photon emission, elungele ukusetshenziswa ku-semiconductor laser gain medium.

3. Evolution of Gain Structures

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bokwakha buthuthuka, izakhiwo zokuzuza kuma-lasemiconductor lasers zishintshile zisuka ku-homojunctions zakuqala zaya kuma-heterojunctions, futhi zaqhubekela phambili zaya ekucushweni kwe-quantum kahle kanye ne-quantum dot.

①I-Heterojunction Gain Medium

Ngokuhlanganisa izinto zokwakha ze-semiconductor nama-bandgap ahlukene, abathwali nama-photons bangavalelwa ngempumelelo ezifundeni eziqokiwe, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwenzuzo nokunciphisa i-threshold current.

②Izakhiwo zeQuantum Well

Ngokunciphisa ukujiya kwesifunda esisebenzayo kusikali se-nanometer, ama-electron avalelwe ezinhlangothini ezimbili, akhulisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokuhlanganiswa kwemisebe. Lokhu kubangela amalaser anama-threshold currents aphansi kanye nokuzinza okungcono kwe-thermal.

③Izakhiwo ze-Quantum Dot

Ngokusebenzisa amasu okuzihlanganisa, kwakhiwa ama-nanostructures angama-zero-dimensional, ahlinzeka ngokusatshalaliswa kwezinga lamandla abukhali. Lezi zakhiwo zinikeza izici zokuzuza okuthuthukisiwe nokuzinza kwe-wavelength, okuzenza zibe isizinda socwaningo sesizukulwane esilandelayo selaser semiconductor esebenza kahle kakhulu.

4. Inqumani Inzuzo Ephakathi?

①I-Emission Wavelength

I-bandgap yezinto ezibonakalayo inquma i-laser's ubude begagasi. Isibonelo, i-InGaAs ifanele amalaser aseduze kwe-infrared, kuyilapho i-InGaN isetshenziselwa amalaser aluhlaza noma aluhlaza.

②Ukusebenza kahle namandla

Ukuhamba kwenkampani yenethiwekhi namazinga okuhlanganiswa kabusha okungashisi imisebe kuthinta ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-optical-to-electrical.

③Ukusebenza Okushisayo

Izinto ezihlukahlukene zisabela ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ezithonya ukwethembeka kwe-laser ezindaweni zezimboni nezempi.

④Impendulo Yokuguquguquka

Indlela yokuthola ithonya i-laser'isivinini sokuphendula, esibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ezinesivinini esikhulu.

5. Isiphetho

Esakhiweni esiyinkimbinkimbi sama-lasemiconductor lasers, indawo yokuzuza ngempela “inhliziyo” yayo.-ayibophezelekile kuphela ekukhiqizeni i-laser kodwa futhi nokuba nomthelela empilweni yayo yonke, ukuzinza, nezimo zokusetshenziswa kwayo. Kusukela ekukhethweni kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuya ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo, kusukela ekusebenzeni okukhulu kakhulu kuya ezimisweni ezincane kakhulu, yonke impumelelo etholakalayo ishayela ubuchwepheshe be-laser bubheke ekusebenzeni okukhulu, ukusetshenziswa okubanzi, kanye nokuhlola okujulile.

Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi yezinto zokwakha kanye nobuchwepheshe be-nano-fabrication, ukuzuza okuphakathi kwesikhathi esizayo kulindeleke ukuthi kulethe ukukhanya okuphezulu, ukumbozwa kwe-wavelength ebanzi, nezixazululo ze-laser ezihlakaniphile.-ukuvula amathuba engeziwe esayensi, izimboni, kanye nomphakathi.