Ezisetshenzisweni ze-laser zanamuhla, ikhwalithi ye-beam isibe ngenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuhlola ukusebenza kwe-laser iyonke.'Ukusika ngokunemba kwezinga le-micron ekukhiqizeni noma ekutholeni ibanga elide ekubaleni kwe-laser, ikhwalithi ye-beam ivame ukunquma impumelelo noma ukwehluleka kohlelo lokusebenza.
Ngakho-ke, iyini ngempela ikhwalithi ye-beam? Ithinta kanjani ukusebenza kwe-laser? Futhi umuntu angayikhetha kanjani ikhwalithi ye-beam efanele ukuze ivumelane nezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza?
1. Iyini ikhwalithi ye-Beam?
Kalula nje, ikhwalithi ye-beam ibhekisela ezicini zokusabalala kwendawo ze-laser beam. Ichaza ukuthi i-beam ingagxila kahle kangakanani, ukuziphatha kwayo kokuhlukana, nokuthi amandla ayo asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kangakanani.
Esimweni esifanele, umsebe we-laser ufana nomsebe we-Gaussian ophelele, one-engeli encane kakhulu yokuhlukana kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokugxila. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezici ezifana nesakhiwo somthombo, izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nemiphumela yokushisa, imisebe ye-laser yangempela ivame ukuhlushwa ukusabalala, ukuphambuka, noma ukuphazamiseka kwe-multimode.—ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa ikhwalithi yemisebe.
2. Izinkomba Zekhwalithi Yomsebe Ovamile
①M² Isici (Isici Sokusabalalisa Ama-Beam)
I-M² inani liyipharamitha eyinhloko esetshenziswa ukuhlola ikhwalithi yomugqa.
M² = 1 ikhombisa umsebe weGaussian ophelele.
M² > 1 kusho ukuthi ikhwalithi ye-beam iyawohloka, futhi ikhono lokugxila liyawohloka.
Ezisetshenzisweni zezimboni, i-M² amanani angaphansi kuka-1.5 ngokuvamile ayadingeka, kuyilapho ama-laser ebanga lesayensi ehlose i-M² amanani asondele ku-1 ngangokunokwenzeka.
②Ukuhlukana Kwemisebe
Ukuhlukana kwemisebe kuchaza ukuthi umsebe we-laser ukhula kangakanani njengoba usakazeka amabanga amade.
Ama-engeli amancane okuhlukana asho imisebe egxilile kakhulu, izindawo ezincane ezigxile, kanye nokunemba okukhulu emabangeni amade.
③Iphrofayili Yomsebe kanye Nokusatshalaliswa Kwamandla
Umshayo wekhwalithi ephezulu kufanele ube nephrofayili yomshayo elinganayo, efanayo enesikhungo esinamandla aphezulu. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukukhishwa kwamandla okucacile nokulawulekayo kokusika, ukumaka, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
3. Indlela Ikhwalithi Ye-Beam Ethinta Ngayo Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Zangempela
①Ukucubungula Ngokucophelela (Ukusika/Ukushisela/Ukumaka):
Ikhwalithi yogongolo inquma usayizi wendawo egxile kanye nobuningi bamandla, okuthinta ukunemba nokusebenza kahle komshini.
②Ama-Laser Ezokwelapha:
Ikhwalithi yemisebe ithinta indlela amandla alethwa ngayo ngokunembile ezicutshini kanye nendlela ukusabalala kokushisa okulawulwa ngayo.
③Ububanzi Be-Laser / I-LIDAR:
Ikhwalithi yokukhanya ithonya ngqo ububanzi bokuthola kanye nokulungiswa kwendawo.
④Ukuxhumana Okubonakalayo:
Ikhwalithi yokukhanya ithinta ubumsulwa bemodi yesignali kanye nomthamo we-bandwidth.
⑤Ucwaningo Lwesayensi:
Ikhwalithi ye-beam iqinisekisa ukuhambisana nokuzinza kokuphazamiseka noma ukuhlolwa kokukhanya okungeyona i-linear.
4. Izici Eziyinhloko Ezithinta Ikhwalithi Yomsebe
①Umklamo Wesakhiwo Se-Laser:
Ama-laser emodi eyodwa ngokuvamile anikeza ikhwalithi engcono yemisebe kune-laser yemodi eminingi.
②Umklamo we-Gain Medium & Resonator:
Lokhu kuthinta ukusatshalaliswa kwemodi kanye nokuqina kwe-beam.
③Ukuphathwa Komphumela Wokushisa:
Ukungashisi kahle kokushisa kungaholela ekukhanyeni kwe-thermal lens kanye nokuphambuka kwe-beam.
④Isakhiwo Sokufana Kwephampu kanye Nomhlahlandlela Wamagagasi:
Ukupompa okungalingani noma ukuphazamiseka kwesakhiwo kungabangela ukuwohloka komumo womsebe.
5. Indlela Yokuthuthukisa Ikhwalithi Yomsebe
①Lungiselela Ukwakhiwa Kwedivayisi:
Sebenzisa ama-waveguides emodi eyodwa kanye nemiklamo ye-resonator ehambisanayo.
②Ukuphathwa Kokushisa:
Hlanganisa ama-heat sink asebenzayo noma ukupholisa okusebenzayo ukuze unciphise ukuphambuka kwemisebe okubangelwa ukushisa.
③Ama-Optics Abumba Imisebe:
Sebenzisa ama-collimator, izihlungi zesikhala, noma iziguquli zemodi.
④Ukulawula Kwedijithali kanye Nempendulo:
Sebenzisa ukutholwa kwe-wavefront ngesikhathi sangempela kanye ne-adaptive optics ukuze ufeze ukulungiswa okuguquguqukayo.
6. Isiphetho
Ikhwalithi yokukhanya ingaphezu nje kwepharamitha ebonakalayo—it's the"ikhodi yokunemba"ye-laser'ukusebenza.
Ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zangempela, ikhwalithi ephezulu yemisebe ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle, ukunemba, kanye nokuthembeka kwezinhlelo ze-laser. Kubasebenzisi abafuna ukusebenza okuphezulu kanye nokungaguquguquki, ikhwalithi yemisebe kufanele ibe yinto ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa i-laser.
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-laser buqhubeka nokukhula, singalindela ukulawulwa okungcono kwemisebe kumadivayisi amancane kanye nobuningi bamandla aphezulu—ukuvula indlela yamathuba amasha ekukhiqizeni okuthuthukile, ezokwelapha ngokunemba, ezindiza, nangale kwalokho.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-22-2025