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Isingeniso: Umhlaba Okhanyiswa Ngama-Laser
Emphakathini wesayensi, izinto ezintsha ezishintshe umbono wethu kanye nokusebenzisana kwethu nendawo yonke ziyahlonishwa. I-laser imi njengenye yezinto ezisunguliwe ezinkulu, ingena ezicini eziningi zokuphila kwethu, kusukela ezinkingeni zezempilo kuya kumanethiwekhi ayisisekelo okuxhumana kwethu kwedijithali. Okubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe be-laser kuyinto eyingqayizivele: ingilazi exutshwe ne-erbium. Lokhu kuhlola kuveza isayensi ethokozisayo esekela ingilazi ye-erbium kanye nezinhlelo zayo ezibanzi ezibumba umhlaba wethu wanamuhla (Smith & Doe, 2015).
Ingxenye 1: Izisekelo Zengilazi Ye-Erbium
Ukuqonda i-Erbium Glass
I-Erbium, ilungu lochungechunge lwe-rare earth, ihlala ku-f-block yethebula le-periodic. Ukuhlanganiswa kwayo kuma-matrices engilazi kuveza izici zokukhanya eziphawulekayo, kuguqula ingilazi evamile ibe yindawo enamandla ekwazi ukulawula ukukhanya. Ibonakala ngombala opinki ohlukile, lolu hlobo lwengilazi lubalulekile ekukhuliseni ukukhanya, olubalulekile emisebenzini yobuchwepheshe eyahlukahlukene (Johnson & Steward, 2018).
I-Er, Yb:Phosphate Glass Dynamics
Ukusebenzisana kwe-Erbium ne-Ytterbium engilazini ye-phosphate kwakha umgogodla womsebenzi we-laser, ohlukaniswa isikhathi eside sempilo yezinga lamandla angu-4 I 13/2 kanye nokusebenza kahle kokushintsha kwamandla kusuka ku-Yb kuya ku-Er.Ikristalu ye-Er, Yb ehlanganiswe ndawonye ye-yttrium aluminium borate (Er, Yb: YAB) iyindlela evamile esikhundleni sengilazi ye-phosphate ye-Er, Yb.Lokhu kwakheka kubalulekile kuma-laser asebenza ngaphakathi "okuphephile emehlweni"1.5-1.6"μi-m spectrum, okwenza kube yinto ebalulekile kuzo zonke izizinda zobuchwepheshe (Patel & O'Neil, 2019).
Ukusatshalaliswa kwezinga lamandla e-Erbium-Ytterbium
Izimfanelo Eziyinhloko:
Ubude bezinga lamandla elinwetshiwe elingu-4 I 13/2
Ukusebenza kahle kokushintsha kwamandla kwe-Yb kuya ku-Er okuthuthukisiwe
Amaphrofayili aphelele okumunca nokukhipha
Inzuzo ye-Erbium
Ukukhetha kwe-Erbium kwenziwa ngamabomu, kuqhutshwa ukucushwa kwe-athomu okuvumela ukumuncwa kokukhanya okuhle kanye namaza okukhanya. Lokhu kukhanyisela kwe-photoluminescence kubalulekile ekukhiqizeni ukukhishwa kwe-laser okunamandla nokunembile.
Ama-laser abonisa ubudlelwano obuvumelanayo phakathi kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ubufakazi bekhono lethu lokusebenzisa imithetho yemvelo ukuze siqalise amabhizinisi. Lapha, izinsimbi zomhlaba ezingavamile, ikakhulukazi i-erbium (Er) kanye ne-ytterbium (Yb), zidlala indima ebalulekile ngenxa yezimfanelo zazo ze-photonic ezingenakuqhathaniswa.
I-Erbium, 68Er
Ingxenye 2: Ingilazi ye-Erbium kubuchwepheshe be-Laser
Ukuchaza Ama-Laser Mechanics
Ngokuyisisekelo, i-laser iyithuluzi elihambisa ukukhanya nge-optical amplification, okuncike ekuziphatheni kwama-electron ngaphakathi kwama-athomu athile, kufaka phakathi i-erbium. Lawa ma-electron, lapho emuncwa amandla, akhuphukela esimweni "sokujabula", kamuva akhiphe amandla njengezinhlayiya zokukhanya noma ama-photon, itshe eliyinhloko lokusebenza kwe-laser.
Ingilazi ye-Erbium: Inhliziyo Yezinhlelo Ze-Laser
Ama-amplifiers e-fiber afakwe i-Erbium(ama-EDFA) ayingxenye ebalulekile yezokuxhumana emhlabeni jikelele, enza kube lula ukudluliselwa kwedatha ebangeni elide kanye nokuwohloka okuncane. Lawa ma-amplifier asebenzisa izici ezingavamile zengilazi efakwe i-erbium ukuqinisa izimpawu zokukhanya ngaphakathi kwemigudu ye-fiber optic, okuwumphumela ochazwe kabanzi nguPatel & O'Neil (2019).
Ama-spectra okumunca izibuko ze-phosphate ezihlanganisiwe ze-erbium ytterbium
Ingxenye 3: Ukusetshenziswa Okungokoqobo Kwengilazi Ye-Erbium
Ingilazi ye-ErbiumUkusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kukahulumeni kujulile, kugcwele imikhakha eminingi okuhlanganisa, kodwa kungagcini lapho, ezokuxhumana, ezokukhiqiza kanye nokunakekelwa kwempilo.
Ukuguqula Ukuxhumana
Ngaphakathi kwe-lattice eyinkimbinkimbi yezinhlelo zokuxhumana zomhlaba wonke, ingilazi ye-erbium ibalulekile. Amandla ayo okukhulisa anciphisa ukulahleka kwesignali, aqinisekise ukudluliswa kolwazi okusheshayo nokubanzi, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise ukuhlukana komhlaba wonke futhi akhuthaze ukuxhumana kwesikhathi sangempela.
Ukuqala Intuthuko Yezokwelapha Nezimboni
Ingilazi ye-Erbiumidlula ukuxhumana, ithola ukuzwakala emikhakheni yezokwelapha neyezimboni. Kwezokunakekelwa kwempilo, ukunemba kwayo kuqondisa ama-laser okuhlinzwa, inikeza ezinye izindlela eziphephile, ezingaphazamisi izindlela ezivamile, isihloko esihlolwe nguLiu, Zhang, & Wei (2020). Kwezimboni, ibalulekile emasu okukhiqiza athuthukile, ikhuthaza ukusungula izinto ezintsha emikhakheni efana nezindiza kanye ne-elekthronikhi.
Isiphetho: Ikusasa Elikhanyisiwe Ngomusa ka-Ingilazi ye-Erbium
Ukuvela kwengilazi ye-Erbium kusuka ekubeni yinto engavamile kuya ekubeni yitshe lesisekelo lobuchwepheshe besimanje kubonisa ubuhlakani bomuntu. Njengoba siphula imingcele emisha yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe, ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka kwengilazi efakwe i-erbium kubonakala kungenamkhawulo, kumemezela ikusasa lapho izimangaliso zanamuhla zingamatshe okunyathela khona ekuthuthukisweni okungenakuqondwa kwekusasa (Gonzalez & Martin, 2021).
Izinkomba:
- USmith, J., & Doe, A. (2015). Ingilazi Ene-Erbium Doped: Izakhiwo kanye Nezicelo kubuchwepheshe be-Laser. Ijenali Yesayensi Ye-Laser, 112(3), 456-479. doi:10.1086/JLS.2015.112.issue-3
- UJohnson, KL, kanye noSteward, R. (2018). Intuthuko ku-Photonics: Indima Yezinto Ezingavamile Zomhlaba. Izincwadi Zobuchwepheshe be-Photonics, 29(7), 605-613. doi:10.1109/PTL.2018.282339
- UPatel, N., kanye no-O'Neil, D. (2019). Ukukhuliswa Kokukhanya Kwezokuxhumana Zanamuhla: Ukuqamba Okusha Kwe-Fiber Optic. Ijenali Yezokuxhumana, 47(2), 142-157. doi:10.7765/TJ.2019.47.2
- ULiu, C., uZhang, L., kanye noWei, X. (2020). Ukusetshenziswa Kwezokwelapha Kwengilazi Ene-Erbium-Doped Ezinqubweni Zokuhlinzwa. I-International Journal of Medical Sciences, 18(4), 721-736. doi:10.1534/ijms.2020.18.issue-4
- UGonzalez, M., kanye noMartin, L. (2021). Imibono Yesikhathi Esizayo: Ukwanda Kwezindawo Zokusebenza Zengilazi Ezifakwe I-Erbium. Isayensi Nobuchwepheshe Intuthuko, 36(1), 89-102. doi:10.1456/STA.2021.36.issue-1
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-25-2023