Kuyini ukuzulazula ngaphakathi?
Izisekelo zokuzulazula ngokulandelana
Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokuzulazula ngaphakathi kufana nalezo zezinye izindlela zokuhamba. Incike ekutholeni imininingwane ebalulekile, kufaka phakathi isikhundla sokuqala, ukuqondiswa kokuqala, ukuqondiswa kanye nokuqondiswa kokunyakaza ngasikhathi ngasinye, futhi kuqhubeke ngokuqhubekayo le datha (analogous kumisebenzi yokuhlanganisa izibalo) ukunquma kahle amapharamitha wokuhambisa, njengokubekwa.
Indima yezinzwa ngokuhamba nge-inertial navigation
Ukuthola ukuma kwamanje (isimo sengqondo) kanye nemininingwane yesikhundla yento eshukumisayo, izinhlelo zokuhamba nge-ianertial navigation zisebenzisa iqoqo lezinzwa ezibucayi, ngokuyinhloko eliqukethe ama-accelerometer kanye ne-gyroscopes. Lezi zinzwa zikala i-angular velocity nokusheshisa kwenkampani yenethiwekhi ekhasini lezethenjwa elingezimali. Imininingwane ihlanganiswe futhi icutshungulwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuze uthole imininingwane ye-velocity kanye nesimo sesimo. Kamuva, lolu lwazi luguqulwa lube ohlelweni lokuxhumanisa navigation, ngokubambisana nedatha yesikhundla sokuqala, kufinyelela ekunqumeni kwendawo yamanje yenkampani yenethiwekhi.
Izimiso Zokusebenza ze-INetial Navigation Systems
Izinhlelo zakwaNativation navigation zisebenza njengezinhlelo zokuzithiba, izinhlelo zangaphakathi zokuvalwa kweLoop Vaop. Azithembeli ezibuyekezweni zedatha zangempela zangaphandle ukuze zilungise amaphutha ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwenkampani yenethiwekhi. Kanjalo, uhlelo olulodwa lokuhambisa navigation lulungele imisebenzi yokuhamba ngezikhathi ezifushane. Ukuze uthole imisebenzi yesikhathi eside, kufanele kuhlanganiswe nezinye izindlela zokuhamba, ezifana nezinhlelo zokuhamba ezisuselwa ku-satellite, ukuze zilungise ngezikhathi ezithile amaphutha angaphakathi aqoqiwe.
Ukufikelwa kokuzulazula kwe-inertial
Kubuchwepheshe besimanje navigation, kufaka phakathi navigation Celestic, navigation ye-satellite, kanye nokuzulazula komsakazo, ukuzulazula kwangokoqobo kumi njengokuzimela. Akunakukhipha amasinamba endaweni yangaphandle noma kuncike ezintweni zasezulwini noma amasiginali angaphandle. Ngenxa yalokho, amasistimu okuhambisa ngakunye anikezela ngezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokufihla, okwenza balungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ubumfihlo obukhulu.
Ukuchazwa Okusemthethweni kokuzulazula kwangaphakathi
Uhlelo lokuhambisa navigation (INS) luhlelo lokulinganisa kwepharamitha navigade olusebenzisa i-gyroscopes kanye nama-accelerometer njengezinzwa. Uhlelo, olususelwa ekukhishweni kwe-gyroscopes, lusungula uhlelo lokuxhumanisa lokuzulazula ngenkathi lusebenzisa umphumela wama-accelerometer ukufaka i-velocity kanye nesikhundla senkampani yenethiwekhi.
Izicelo zokuzulazula ngasese
Ubuchwepheshe be-Interial bathole izicelo ezibanzi ezikubanzi kwizizinda ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-aerospace, indiza, i-maritime, ukuhlola u-petroleum, i-geodesy, inhlolovo yezwe, ukumba kwe-geological, amarobhothi kanye nezitimela. Ngokufika kwezinzwa ezithuthukile zangezwe, ubuchwepheshe be-indertial buye wanweba ukusetshenziswa kwalo emkhakheni wezimoto kanye namadivayisi we-elekthronikhi wezokwelapha, phakathi kwezinye izinkambu. Lesi silinganiso esandayo sezinhlelo zokusebenza sigcizelela iqhaza elikhulayo eliphakeme kakhulu lokuzulazula ekuhlinzekeni ukuzulazula okunembayo nokuma okuhle kwezicelo eziningi.
Ingxenye esemqoka yokuholwa yi-Interial:I-fiber optic gyroscope
Isingeniso ku-Fibre Optic Gyroscopes
Izinhlelo zangasese zangephakathi zithembela kakhulu ngokunemba nokunemba kwezakhi zazo eziyinhloko. Ingxenye eyodwa enjalo eye yathuthukisa kakhulu amandla alezi zinhlelo yi-fiber optic gyroscope (inkungu). Inkungu kuyinzwa ebucayi edlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekulinganiseni isivinini se-angular yenethiwekhi ngokunemba okumangazayo.
Ukusebenza kwe-Giber Optic Gyroscope
I-FOG isebenza ngomgomo we-SAGNAC umphumela, ohilela ukuhlukanisa ugongolo lwama-laser ezindleleni ezimbili ezihlukene, ukuvumela ukuhamba ngezindlela eziphambene ne-file optic loop. Lapho ophethe, eshukunyiswa inkungu, ujikeleze, umehluko ngesikhathi sokuhamba phakathi kwalemishayo emibili ulingana nokuvuselelwa kwe-angular. Lokhu kubambezeleka kwesikhathi, ezaziwa ngokuthi i-SAGNAC Phase Shift, bese kulinganiswa ngokunembile, kunika amandla inkungu ukuhlinzeka ngemininingwane enembile maqondana nokujikeleza kwenkampani yenethiwekhi.
Umgomo we-gyroscope we-fiber optic uhilela ukukhipha ugongolo lokukhanya kusuka kwi-PhotoDetor. Lo mfu okhanyayo udlula nge-coupler, engena kusuka komunye umkhawulo futhi uphuma komunye. Ibe isihamba nge-loop yokukhanya. Imishayo emibili yokukhanya, ivela emikhondweni ehlukene, faka i-loop bese uqedela amandla ahambisanayo ngemuva kokujikeleza. Ukukhanya okubuyayo kungena kabusha i-diode ekhipha ukukhanya (i-LED), esetshenziselwa ukuthola ubukhulu bayo. Ngenkathi umgomo we-gyroscope we-fiber optic ungabonakala eqondile, inselelo ebaluleke kakhulu ilele ekuqedeni izinto ezithinta ubude bendlela emibili yokukhanya kwemigqa emibili. Lesi ngesinye sezingqinamba ezibucayi kakhulu ezibhekene nokuthuthukiswa kwe-fiber optic gyroscopes.
1: SuperLuminescent Diode 2: I-PhotoDepector Diode
3.Illia Source Coupler 4.coupler ring coupler Indandatho ye-Fiftware ye-5.Optical fiber
Izinzuzo ze-Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
Inkuni inikeza izinzuzo eziningana ezibenza babaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokuhamba navigation. Badume ngokunemba kwabo okuhlukile, ukuthembeka nokuqina. Ngokungafani ne-mehendi gyros, inkungu ayinazo izingxenye ezinyakazayo, kunciphisa ubungozi bokugqoka nokudabuka. Ngokwengeziwe, bayamelana nokushaqeka nokudlidliza, okwenza balungele izindawo ezifunwayo njengezicelo ze-aerospace nezokuvikela.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-fiber optic gyroscopes ekuzulazuleni kwe-inertial
Izinhlelo zakwaNatering navigation ziya ngokuya zifaka inkungu ngenxa yokunemba kwazo okuphezulu nokwethembeka. Lawa ma-gyroscopes ahlinzeka ngezilinganiso ezibalulekile ze-angular velocity ezidingekayo ekuzimiseleni okunembile kokuzimisela kanye nesikhundla. Ngokuhlanganisa inkungu ezinhlelweni zokuhamba navigation ezikhona, opharetha bangazuza ngokunemba okuthuthukile kokuhamba, ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho ukunemba okwedlulele kudingeka khona.
Izicelo ze-fiber optic gyroscopes ngokuhamba nge-inertial
Ukufakwa kwe-FOGS kukhulise ukusetshenziswa kwezicelo ze-Interial Navigation Systems kuwo wonke ama-Domain. Kwi-Aerospace nasezindizeni, izinhlelo ezihlomele inkungu zinikeza izisombululo zokuzulazula eziqondile zendiza, ama-drones, kanye ne-spacecraft. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuzulazuleni kwasolwandle, inhlolovo yezwe, kanye namarobhothi athuthukile, okwenza lawa masistimu asebenze ngokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe nokwethembeka.
Ukuhlukahluka okuhlukile kwesakhiwo se-fiber optic gyroscopes
I-Fibre Optic Gyroscopes iza ngokucushwa okuhlukahlukene okuhlelekile, nomuntu ovelele ongena endaweni yezobunjiniyela yiyonaUkuvalwa kwe-polarization-loop - ukulondolozwa kwe-fiber optic gyroscope. Emgogodweni wale gyroscope yilonaUkulondolozwa kwe-polarization - ukulondolozwa kwefiber, okuhlanganisa ukulondolozwa kwama-polarization - ukulondolozwa kwezinhlaka kanye nohlaka olunembile. Ukwakhiwa kwalesi siloop kufaka phakathi indlela enamakhamikhali amane, okunezelwe yi-gel evikelekile eyingqayizivele ukwakha ikhoyili eqinile ye-fiber loop loop.
Izici ezibalulekile zeUkulondolozwa kwe-fiber-ukugcina i-fiber optic gYro Coil
▶ Design Uhlaka Oluhlukile:Ama-loops we-gyroscope afaka umklamo wohlaka oluhlukile olwanga izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokugcina izikhalazo - ukulondolozwa kwemicu kube lula.
▶ I-Symmetric Winding Technique:Indlela enama-symmetric windis awine inciphisa umphumela we-shupe, uqinisekise izilinganiso eziqondile nezinokwethenjelwa.
▶ Izinto ezithuthukile zokubopha uphawu:Ukuqashwa kwezinto zokwenziwa kwe-seaning ze-Sealing Gel, kuhlangene nenqubo ehlukile yokulapha, kuthuthukisa ukumelana nokudlidliza, okwenza lezi zinto ezihle kakhulu ze-gyroscope zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ngezindawo ezifunwayo.
▶ Amazinga okuhamba okushisa okushisa okuphezulu:Izilonge ze-gyroscope zibonisa ukuzinza okuphezulu kokuhlangana kwamazinga okushisa, ukuqinisekisa ukunemba ngisho nasezimweni ezihlukile ezishisayo.
▶ Uhlaka olulula olulula:Ama-loops we-gyroscope ahlelwe ngohlaka oluqondile kodwa olungasindi, oluqinisekisa ukunemba okuphezulu.
Inqubo yokuvuselela engaguquki:Inqubo yokuqhakambisa ihlala iqinile, ivumelanisa nezidingo zokucaciswa okuhlukahlukene kwe-fiber gyroscopes.
Inkomba
Ama-Groves, PD (2008). Isingeniso sokuzulazula ngaphakathi.Ijenali yokuhambisa, 61(1), 13-28.
El-sheimy, N., Hou, H., & Niu, X. (2019). Ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa banasertors zezicelo zokuhambisa: isimo sobuciko.I-Satellite Navigation, 1(1), 1-15.
UWoodman, OJ (2007). Isingeniso sokuzulazula ngaphakathi.Inyuvesi yaseCambridge, ilabhorethri yekhompyutha, i-UCam-CL-696.
I-Chatila, R., & Laumond, JP (1985). Ukubhekiswa kwesikhundla kanye nokuvumelana nomhlaba okungaguquki kwamarobhothi weselula.Ekuqhubekeni kwengqungquthela ye-International International kumarobhothi kanye ne-automation(Vol. 2, PP. 138-145). Ieee.
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