Isendlalelo se-lidar yezimoto
Kusukela ngo-2015 kuya ku-2020, izwe likhiphe izinqubomgomo eziningana ezihlobene, zigxile ku- 'Izimoto ezixhunyiwe ezihlakaniphile'futhi'Izimoto ezizimele'. Ekuqaleni kuka-2020, isizwe sikhiphe amacebo amabili: I-Intelligent Vehicle Innovation and Development Strategy kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwezimoto okuzenzakalelayo, ukucacisa isikhundla samasu nokuqondiswa kwentuthuko okuzayo kokushayela okuzimele.
I-Yole Development, inkampani yokubonisana emhlabeni wonke, ishicilele umbiko wokucwaninga imboni ohambisana ne-'Lidar yezicelo zezimoto nezimboni, kulindeleke ukuthi isilinganiso sokukhula konyaka esingu-1026, kulindeleke ukuthi isilinganiso sokukhula konyaka singama-21 eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo.
Kuyini i-limidar yezimoto?
I-Lidar, emfushane ekutholeni ukukhanya nokusuka, ubuchwepheshe bezinguquko obuke baguqula imboni yezimoto, ikakhulukazi endaweni yezimoto ezizimele. Isebenza ngokukhipha ama-pulses okukhanya-imvamisa kusuka ku-laser-kubhekiswe kwelitshe nokukala isikhathi esithatha isikhathi sokukhanya ukuze kubuyele emuva enzwaneni. Le datha isetshenziselwa ukudala amamephu anemininingwane enemininingwane emincane yemvelo ezungeze imoto.
Izinhlelo ze-lidar zidume ngokunemba kwazo kanye nekhono lokuthola izinto ngokunemba okuphezulu, zibenze ithuluzi elibaluleke kakhulu lokushayela ngokuzimela. Ngokungafani namakhamera ancike ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo futhi angalwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile njengokukhanya okuphansi noma okuqondile kwelanga, izinzwa ze-lidar zinikezela ngemininingwane ethembekile ekukhanyiseni nasekukhanyiseni kwezimo zezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla kaLidar okulinganisa amabanga avumela ukutholwa kwezinto, usayizi wazo, kanye nejubane lazo, elibalulekile ekuhambeni kwezimo ezinzima zokushayela.
Ishadi lokugeleza komgomo wokusebenza kweLidar
Izicelo ze-Lidar ku-automation:
I-Lidar (Ukutholwa Kokukhanya nokusuka) Embonini yezimoto igxile kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukuphepha kokushayela kanye nokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bokushayela abazimele. Ubuchwepheshe bayo obuyinhloko,Isikhathi sendiza (tof), isebenza ngokukhipha i-laser pulses futhi ibala isikhathi esidingayo kulezi pulses ziboniswe emuva ezingqinamba. Le ndlela ikhiqiza idatha enembe kakhulu "yamaphuzu", engadala amamephu anemininingwane enemininingwane emincane yemvelo ezungeze imoto enokulungiswa kwezinga le-centimeter, enikeza amandla okuqashelwa wendawo anembile e-spatiolies anembile wezimoto.
Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-lidar emkhakheni wezimoto kugxile kakhulu kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:
Izinhlelo zokushayela ezizimele:I-Lidar ingenye yobuchwepheshe obuhle bokuthola amazinga athuthukile wokushayela ozimele. Ibona kahle imvelo ezungeze imoto, kufaka phakathi ezinye izimoto, abahamba ngezinyawo, izimpawu zomgwaqo kanye nezimo zomgwaqo, ngaleyo ndlela basiza izinhlelo zokushayela ezizimele ekwenzeni izinqumo ezisheshayo nezenembile.
Izinhlelo Zokusiza Abashayeli Ezithuthukile (ADAS):Esikhathini sosizo lomshayeli, i-limbidar isetshenziselwa ukwenza ngcono izici zokuphepha emotweni, kufaka phakathi ukulawulwa kwe-adaptive, braking ephuthumayo, ukutholwa kwezindiza, kanye nokuvimbela izithiyo.
Ukuzulazula Kwezimoto nokubeka:Amamephu we-3D anembe okuphezulu akhiqizwe yi-lidar angakhulisa kakhulu ukunemba kokuma kwemoto, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni lapho amasiginali e-GPS ekhawulelwe khona.
Ukuqapha Kwethrafikhi kanye Nezokuphatha:I-Lidar ingasetshenziselwa ukuqapha kanye nokuhlaziya ukugeleza kwethrafikhi, ukucisha amasistimu wethrafikhi yedolobha ekwakheni kahle ukulawulwa kwesiginali nokunciphisa ukugcwala.
Ukuzwa okukude, ukuhlanganisa, ezenzakalelayo kanye ne-DTS, njll.
Ngabe udinga ukubonisana kwamahhala?
Amathrendi abheke kwi-limotive lidar
1. I-Lidar Miniaturization
Ukubuka kwendabuko kwemboni yezimoto kubamba ukuthi izimoto ezizimele akufanele zihluke ukubukeka okuvela ezimotweni ezijwayelekile ukuze zilondoloze injabulo yokushayela kanye ne-aerodynamics ephumelelayo. Lo mbono ulizwile inkambiso ekuzuzeni ama-lidar ama-lidar. Ikusasa elihle nge-lidar lincane ngokwanele ukuba lihlanganiswe nomthungo emzimbeni wemoto. Lokhu kusho ukunciphisa noma ukuqeda izingxenye ezijikelezayo zemishini, ukuguquguquka okuqondayo kancane kancane kancane lapho kuhamba kancane izixazululo ze-laser zamanje zibheke izixazululo ze-lidar eziqinile. I-lididar eqinile yombuso, engenazo izingxenye ezihambayo, inikeza ikhambi elihlangene, elithembekile, futhi eliqinile elifanelana kahle nezidingo zobuhle nezisebenzayo zezimoto zesimanje.
2. Eshumedded lidar solutions
NJENGOBA ubuchwepheshe bokushayela abazimele buthuthuke eminyakeni yamuva nje, abanye abakhiqizi be-lidar sebeqalile ukusebenzisana nabahlinzeki bezimoto ezisebenzayo ukuthuthukisa izixazululo ezihlanganisa i-lidar ezingxenyeni zemoto, ezinjengezibani. Lokhu okuhlanganisiwe akugcini nje ngokufihla amasistimu we-lidar, kugcina isikhalazo esihle semoto, kodwa futhi sithola ukubekwa okuhle ngokwandisa inkambu ye-lidar yokubuka nokusebenza. Kwezimoto zabagibeli, imisebenzi ethile yosizo yokuthola umshayeli ethuthukile (i-ADAS) idinga i-lidar ukugxila kuma-engeli athile kunokuba anikeze umbono ongu-360 °. Kodwa-ke, ngamazinga aphezulu ezizimele, njengezinga 4, ukuphepha kokuphepha kudinga inkambu yokubuka evundlile engu-360 °. Lokhu kulindeleke ukuthi kuholele ekucushweni kwamaphoyinti amaningi aqinisekisa ukumbozwa okugcwele emotweni.
3.Ukuncishiswa kwezindleko
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-lidar buvuthwa kanye nezikali zokukhiqiza, kuncipha izindleko, kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukufaka lezi zinhlelo ezinkingeni ezibanzi zezimoto, kufaka phakathi amamodeli aphakathi nendawo. Le yentando yeningi ye-Lidar Technology kulindeleke ukuthi isheshise ukwamukelwa kokuphepha okuthuthukile kanye nezinto zokushayela ezizimele ngaphesheya kwemakethe yezimoto.
Ama-lidars emakethe namuhla iningi lama-905nm kanye ne-1550nm / 1535nm limarrs, kepha ngokuya ngezindleko, 905nm anenzuzo.
· 905nm lidar: Ngokuvamile, izinhlelo ze-limidar ezingama-905nm azibizi kakhulu ngenxa yokutholakala kwezinto ezisakazekile zezakhi nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezivuthiwe ezihambisana nale wavelength. Le nzuzo yezindleko yenza i-905nm lidar ikhangelwa izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukuphepha kwamehlo kungabubaluleke kakhulu.
· 1550 / 1535nm lidar: Izakhi zezinhlelo eziyi-1550 / 1535nm, ezinjenge-lasers nabatholayo, zivame ukubiza kakhulu, ngokwengxenye ngoba ubuchwepheshe bubuthakathaka futhi izakhi ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, izinzuzo ngokuya ngokuphepha nokusebenza zingavumela izindleko eziphakeme zohlelo oluthile, ikakhulukazi ekushayeleni okuzimele lapho ukutholwa nokuphepha okude.
[Isixhumanisi:Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuqhathanisa phakathi kuka-905NM no-1550nm / 1535nm Lidar]
I-4. Ukuphepha okwandayo kanye ne-adas ethuthukisiwe
Ubuchwepheshe be-Lidar buthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwezinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe zokuthola umshayeli (ADAS), ukuhlinzeka izimoto ngamakhono okubonisa imephu eqondile. Lokhu kunengqondo kuthuthukisa izici zokuphepha njengokugwema ukushayisana, ukutholwa kwezinyawo, kanye nokulawulwa kokuhamba ngesikebhe, ukusunduza imboni eduze kokuthola ukushayela okuzimele ngokuphelele.
Amazolumbo
Ezimotweni, izinzwa ze-lidar zikhipha izimpunge ezikhanyayo eziphuma ezintweni bese zibuyela enzwaneni. Isikhathi esithatha isikhathi sokubuya sisetshenziselwa ukubala ibanga lezinto. Lolu lwazi lusiza ukudala imephu enemininingwane ye-3D yezindawo ezizungezile zemoto.
Uhlelo olujwayelekile lwezimoto zezimoto luqukethe i-laser uku-Emit light pulses, isithwebuli kanye ne-optics ukuqondisa ama-pulses, i-PhotoDetor ukuthwebula ukukhanya okubonisiwe, kanye neyunithi yokucubungula ukuhlaziya idatha bese kudala isethulo se-3D semvelo.
Yebo, i-lidar ingathola izinto ezishukumisayo. Ngokukala ushintsho endaweni yezinto ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-lidar ingakwazi ukubala ijubane labo kanye ne-trajectory.
ILidar ihlanganiswe nezinhlelo zokuphepha kwezimoto ukuthuthukisa izici ezifana nokulawulwa kokuhamba ngesikebhe, ukuxabana kokushayisana, nokutholwa kwezinyawo ngokunikeza izilinganiso zebanga elinembile nezethembekile.
Ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bezimoto ze-lidar kufaka phakathi ukunciphisa usayizi nezindleko zezinhlelo ze-lidar, kwandisa ukwahlukana kwazo kanye nokuxazululwa, nokubahlanganisa nabathungi ngokwengeziwe ekuklameni nasekusebenzeni kwezimoto.
[Isixhumanisi:Amapharamitha asemqoka weLidar Laser]
I-laser ye-fiber engu-1.5μm edonswayo uhlobo lomthombo we-laser olusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezimoto ezisebenza ngezimoto ezikhipha ukukhanya kwi-wavelength ka-1.5 micrometers (μm). Ikhiqiza ama-pulses amafushane wokukhanya okungenampilo okusetshenziselwa ukukala amabanga ngokushaya izinto bese ubuyela enzwa ye-lidar.
I-1.5μm wavelth isetshenziswa ngoba inikeza ukulinganisela okuhle phakathi kokuphepha kwamehlo kanye nokungena komoya. Ama-Lasers kule banga aveningth mancane amathuba okubangela ukulimala kwamehlo kumuntu kunalabo abakhipha ama-wavelength afushane futhi angenza kahle ezimweni zezulu ezahlukahlukene.
Ngenkathi ama-lasers ayi-1.5μm enza kangcono kunokukhanya okubonakalayo enkunkuni nasemvuleni, amandla abo okungena ezingqinamba asemkhathini asemkhawulweni akhawulelwe. Ukusebenza ezimweni zezulu eziphikisayo ngokuvamile kungcono kunama-wavelength laseSurth kodwa akusebenzi njengezinketho ezinde ze-wavelength.
Ngenkathi ama-laser we-fiber we-1.5μm aqothulwe ekuqaleni angakhuphula izindleko zezinhlelo ze-lidar ngenxa yobuchwepheshe babo obukhulu, intuthuko ekwenzeni kanye nezomnotho ezikalini kulindeleke ukuthi kuncishiswe izindleko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izinzuzo zabo ngokuya ngokusebenza nokuphepha zibonakala njengokuthethelela imali yokutshala.Ukusebenza okuphezulu kanye nezici zokuphepha ezithuthukisiwe ezinikezwe yi-1.5μm edonswe yi-fiber lasers zibenze kube yimali ebalulekile yezinhlelo zezimoto.