Ukuzulazula kwe-inertial

FOGs Components Solutions

Iyini i-Inertial Navigation?

Okuyisisekelo kokuzulazula kwe-Inertial

Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokuzulazula kwe-inertial zifana nalezo zezinye izindlela zokuzulazula. Ithembela ekutholeni ulwazi olubalulekile, okuhlanganisa indawo yokuqala, umumo wokuqala, isiqondiso kanye nokuma komnyakazo ngesikhathi ngasinye, kanye nokuhlanganisa ngokuqhubekayo le datha (okufana nemisebenzi yokuhlanganisa yezibalo) ukuze kunqunywe ngokunembile amapharamitha okuzulazula, njengokuma kwawo kanye nendawo.

Iqhaza Lezinzwa Ekuzulazuleni Kwangaphakathi

Ukuze uthole umumo wamanje (isimo sengqondo) kanye nolwazi lwendawo yento ehambayo, amasistimu okuzulazula angasebenzi asebenzisa isethi yezinzwa ezibucayi, ngokuyinhloko ezihlanganisa ama-accelerometer nama-gyroscopes. Lezi zinzwa zikala isivinini se-angular kanye nokusheshisa kwenkampani yenethiwekhi kuhlaka lwereferensi ye-inertial. Idatha ibe isihlanganiswa futhi icutshungulwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuze kutholwe isivinini nolwazi oluhlobene lwendawo. Kamuva, lolu lwazi luguqulwa lube yisistimu yokuxhumanisa ukuzulazula, ngokuhambisana nedatha yendawo yokuqala, efinyelela umvuthwandaba ekunqumeni indawo yamanje yenkampani yenethiwekhi.

Izimiso Zokusebenza ze-Inertial Navigation Systems

Amasistimu wokuzulazula angenasici asebenza njengamasistimu wokuzulazula azimele, angaphakathi avaliwe. Abathembele kuzibuyekezo zedatha zangaphandle zesikhathi sangempela ukuze balungise amaphutha ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kwenkampani yenethiwekhi. Kanjalo, isistimu eyodwa yokuzulazula ene-inertial ifanele imisebenzi yokuzulazula yesikhathi esifushane. Emisebenzini yesikhathi eside, kufanele ihlanganiswe nezinye izindlela zokuzulazula, njengamasistimu wokuzulazula asekelwe kwisathelayithi, ukuze ngezikhathi ezithile kulungiswe amaphutha angaphakathi anqwabelene.

Ukufihleka Kokuzulazula Kwangaphakathi

Kubuchwepheshe besimanje bokuzulazula, okuhlanganisa ukuzulazula kwasezulwini, ukuzulazula kwesathelayithi, nokuzulazula komsakazo, ukuzulazula kwe-inertial kugqama njengokuzilawula. Ayikhiphi izimpawu endaweni engaphandle futhi ayincikile ezintweni zasezulwini noma kumasignali angaphandle. Ngakho-ke, amasistimu okuzulazula angasebenzi anikezela ngezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokufihleka, okuwenza afaneleke ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo okukhulu.

Incazelo Esemthethweni Ye-Inertial Navigation

I-Inertial Navigation System (INS) iwuhlelo lokulinganisa ipharamitha yokuzulazula esebenzisa ama-gyroscopes nama-accelerometer njengezinzwa. Uhlelo, olususelwe ekuphumeni kwama-gyroscopes, lusungula isistimu yokuxhumanisa ukuzulazula kuyilapho kusetshenziswa okukhiphayo kwama-accelerometer ukubala isivinini kanye nendawo yenkampani yenethiwekhi kusistimu yokuxhumanisa ukuzulazula.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuzulazula kwe-Inertial

Ubuchwepheshe be-inertial buye bathola izinhlelo ezibanzi ezizindeni ezihlukene, okuhlanganisa i-aerospace, izindiza, i-maritime, ukuhlola kwe-petroleum, i-geodesy, ukuhlolwa kwe-oceanographic, i-geological drilling, amarobhothi, nezinhlelo zesitimela. Ngokufika kwezinzwa ezithuthukisiwe ze-inertial, ubuchwepheshe be-inertial buye banweba ukusetshenziswa kwabo embonini yezimoto kanye nemishini kagesi yezokwelapha, phakathi kweminye imikhakha. Le scope ekhulayo yezinhlelo zokusebenza igcizelela indima ebalulekile ekhulayo yokuzulazula kwe-inertial ekunikezeni ukuzulazula okunembayo namandla okumisa ngobuningi bezinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-inertial Guidance:I-Fiber Optic Gyroscope

Isingeniso se-Fiber Optic Gyroscopes

Amasistimu wokuzulazula angenalutho ancike kakhulu ekunembeni nasekunembeni kwezingxenye zawo eziyinhloko. Enye ingxenye enjalo eye yathuthukisa kakhulu amandla alezi zinhlelo i-Fiber Optic Gyroscope (FOG). I-FOG iyinzwa ebalulekile edlala indima ebalulekile ekulinganiseni isivinini se-angular yenkampani yenethiwekhi ngokunemba okumangalisayo.

Ukusebenza kwe-Fiber Optic Gyroscope

Ama-FOG asebenza ngomgomo womphumela we-Sagnac, ohlanganisa ukuhlukanisa i-laser beam ibe izindlela ezimbili ezihlukene, ukuyivumela ukuthi ihambe ibheke ezinhlangothini eziphambene nge-fiber optic loop eboshiwe. Uma inkampani yenethiwekhi, eshumekwe ne-FOG, izungeza, umehluko wesikhathi sokuhamba phakathi kwemishayo emibili ulingana nesivinini se-angular sokuzungezisa kwesiphathi. Lokhu kulibaziseka, okwaziwa ngokuthi ukushintshwa kwesigaba se-Sagnac, bese kulinganiswa ngokunembile, okuvumela i-FOG ukuthi inikeze idatha enembile emayelana nokuzungezisa kwenkampani yenethiwekhi.

Umgomo we-fiber optic gyroscope uhlanganisa ukukhipha umsebe wokukhanya kumshini wokuthwebula izithombe. Le nsimbi yokukhanya idlula ku-coupler, ingena isuka kwenye ihlangothi iphinde iphume kwenye. Ibe isihamba nge-optical loop. Imisebe yokukhanya emibili, evela ezinhlangothini ezahlukene, faka iluphu bese uqedela i-superposition ehambisanayo ngemva kokuzungeza. Ukukhanya okubuyayo kungena kabusha ku-light-emitting diode (LED), esetshenziselwa ukubona ukuqina kwayo. Nakuba isimiso se-fiber optic gyroscope singase sibonakale siqondile, inselele ebaluleke kakhulu isekususeni izici ezithinta ubude bendlela yokubona yemigqa emibili yokukhanya. Lokhu kungenye yezinkinga ezibucayi kakhulu ezibhekene nokuthuthukiswa kwe-fiber optic gyroscope.

1: i-superluminescent diode 2: i-photodetector diode

3.light source coupler 4.i-fiber ring coupler 5.i-fiber ring ye-optical

Izinzuzo ze-Fiber Optic Gyroscopes

Ama-FOG anikezela ngezinzuzo ezimbalwa eziwenza abe yigugu kumasistimu wokuzulazula angasebenzi. Baziwa ngokunemba okukhethekile, ukwethembeka, nokuqina. Ngokungafani nama-gyros emishini, ama-FOG awanazo izingxenye ezihambayo, anciphisa ubungozi bokuguga. Ukwengeza, amelana nokushaqeka nokudlidliza, okuwenza alungele izindawo ezidinga kakhulu njenge-aerospace nezinhlelo zokuvikela.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Fiber Optic Gyroscopes ku-Inertial Navigation

Amasistimu wokuzulazula angenasici aya ngokuya ehlanganisa ama-FOG ngenxa yokunemba kwawo okuphezulu nokuthembeka. Lawa ma-gyroscopes ahlinzeka ngezilinganiso ezibalulekile ze-angular velocity ezidingekayo ukuze kunqunywe ngokunembile umumo nendawo. Ngokuhlanganisa ama-FOG ezinhlelweni ezikhona zokuzulazula ezingenakubalwa, opharetha bangazuza ekunembeni okuthuthukisiwe kokuzulazula, ikakhulukazi ezimeni lapho ukunemba okudlulele kuyadingeka.

Izicelo ze-Fiber Optic Gyroscopes ku-Inertial Navigation

Ukufakwa kwama-FOG kunwebe ukusetshenziswa kwamasistimu okuzulazula angasebenzi kuzo zonke izizinda ezihlukahlukene. Emkhathini nasezindizeni, amasistimu ane-FOG ahlinzeka ngezixazululo ezinembile zokuzulazula zezindiza, ama-drones, kanye nemikhumbi-mkhathi. Ziphinde zisetshenziswe kakhulu ekuzulazuleni olwandle, izinhlolovo zejiyoloji, namarobhothi athuthukisiwe, okwenza lezi zinhlelo zisebenze ngokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe nokwethembeka.

Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zesakhiwo Se-Fiber Optic Gyroscopes

I-fiber optic gyroscopes iza ngezindlela ezehlukene zokucushwa, kanti ephambili okwamanje engena emkhakheni wobunjiniyelai-closed-loop polarization-igcina i-fiber optic gyroscope. Umnyombo wale gyroscope yi-i-polarization-maintaining fibre loop, ehlanganisa imicu egcina i-polarization kanye nohlaka oluklanywe ngokunembile. Ukwakhiwa kwaleluphu kuhilela indlela yokusonteka ephindwe kane, ehambisana nejeli yokuvala eyingqayizivele ukuze kwakheke ikhoyili ye-solid state fibre loop.

Izici ezibalulekile zeI-Polarization-Maintaining Fiber Optic GIkhoyili yro

▶ Idizayini Yohlaka Oluhlukile:Amaluphu e-gyroscope afaka idizayini yohlaka ehlukile evumela izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamafayibha agcina i-polarization kalula.

▶I-Symmetric Winding Technique Ephindwe Kane:Indlela yokusonta ye-symmetric ephindwe kane inciphisa umphumela we-Shupe, iqinisekisa izilinganiso ezinembile nezithembekile.

▶ Okokusebenza Kwejeli Yokuvala Okuthuthukile:Ukuqashwa kwezinto ezithuthukisiwe zejeli yokuvala uphawu, kuhlanganiswe nendlela yokwelapha eyingqayizivele, kuthuthukisa ukumelana nokudlidliza, okwenza lezi zihibe ze-gyroscope zilungele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezidinga kakhulu.

▶Ukuzinza Kwezinga Lokushisa Okuphezulu:Amalophu e-gyroscope abonisa ukuzinza kokuhambisana kwezinga lokushisa okuphezulu, okuqinisekisa ukunemba ngisho nasezimweni ezishisayo ezihlukene.

▶ Uhlaka Olulula Olwenziwe Lula:Amalophu e-gyroscope akhiwe ngohlaka oluqondile kodwa olulula, oluqinisekisa ukunemba kokucubungula okuphezulu.

▶Inqubo Yokuvunguza Engaguquki:Inqubo yokusonta ihlala izinzile, ivumelana nezidingo zama-gyroscopes ahlukahlukene wokunemba we-fiber optic.

Ireferensi

Groves, PD (2008). Isingeniso sokuzulazula kwe-Inertial.I-Journal of Navigation, 61(1), 13-28.

El-Sheimy, N., Hou, H., & Niu, X. (2019). Ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa ze-inertial zezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuzulazula: isimo sobuciko.Ukuzulazula kwesathelayithi, 1(1), 1-15 .

Woodman, OJ (2007). Isingeniso sokuzulazula kwe-inertial.IYunivesithi yaseCambridge, Ilebhu Yekhompyutha, UCAM-CL-TR-696.

Chatila, R., & Laumond, JP (1985). Ireferensi yesikhundla kanye nokumodela komhlaba okungaguquki kwamarobhothi eselula.Ezinqubeni zeNgqungquthela Yamazwe Ngamazwe ye-IEEE yango-1985 emayelana namaRobhothi nokuzenzakalelayo(Umqulu 2, amakhasi 138-145). IEEE.