Ama-laser manje avele njengamathuluzi abalulekile emikhakheni eyahlukene, ikakhulukazi kwezokuphepha nokuqapha. Ukunemba kwawo, ukulawula, kanye nokuguquguquka kwawo kuwenza abe yinto ebalulekile ekuvikeleni imiphakathi yethu kanye nengqalasizinda.
Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kobuchwepheshe be-laser emikhakheni yokuphepha, ukuvikela, ukuqapha, kanye nokuvimbela umlilo. Le ngxoxo ihlose ukunikeza ukuqonda okuphelele kwendima yama-laser ezinhlelweni zokuphepha zanamuhla, okunikeza ukuqonda kokubili ukusetshenziswa kwawo kwamanje kanye nentuthuko engaba khona yesikhathi esizayo.
⏩Ukuze uthole izixazululo zokuhlola zesitimela kanye ne-PV, sicela uchofoze lapha.
Izicelo ze-Laser kumacala Okuphepha Nokuzivikela
Izinhlelo Zokuthola Ukungena Ngokungemthetho
Lezi ziskena ze-laser ezingathintani ziskena izindawo ngobukhulu obubili, zibona ukunyakaza ngokulinganisa isikhathi esithathwayo ukuze umsebe we-laser oshukunyisiwe ubuyele emuva emthonjeni wawo. Lobu buchwepheshe budala imephu ye-contour yendawo, okuvumela uhlelo ukuthi lubone izinto ezintsha emkhakheni walo wokubuka ngokushintsha kwendawo ehleliwe. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuhlola usayizi, ukuma, kanye nesiqondiso sezinhloso ezihambayo, kukhipha ama-alamu uma kudingeka. (Hosmer, 2004).
⏩ Ibhulogi ehlobene:Uhlelo Olusha Lokuthola Ukungena Nge-Laser: Isinyathelo Esihlakaniphile Sokuthuthuka Kwezokuphepha
Izinhlelo Zokuqapha
Ekuqapheni ngevidiyo, ubuchwepheshe be-laser buyasiza ekuqapheni umbono wasebusuku. Isibonelo, ukuthwebula izithombe nge-laser eseduze kwe-infrared kungavimbela ngempumelelo ukusabalala kokukhanya, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ibanga lokubuka lezinhlelo zokuthwebula izithombe ze-photoelectric ezimweni zezulu ezimbi, kokubili emini nasebusuku. Izinkinobho zomsebenzi wangaphandle zesistimu zilawula ibanga lokugoba, ububanzi be-strobe, kanye nokuthwebula izithombe okucacile, okuthuthukisa ububanzi bokuthwebula. (Wang, 2016).
Ukuqapha Ithrafikhi
Izibhamu zesivinini se-laser zibalulekile ekuqapheni ithrafikhi, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-laser ukukala isivinini semoto. Lawa madivayisi athandwa ngamaphoyisa ngenxa yokunemba kwawo kanye nekhono lawo lokuqondisa izimoto ngazinye ezimotweni eziningi.
Ukuqapha Isikhala Somphakathi
Ubuchwepheshe be-laser bubalulekile futhi ekulawuleni nasekuqapheni izixuku ezindaweni zomphakathi. Izikena ze-laser kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlobene nazo ziqondisa ngempumelelo ukunyakaza kwezixuku, zithuthukisa ukuphepha komphakathi.
Izinhlelo Zokuthola Umlilo
Ezinhlelweni zokuxwayisa ngomlilo, izinzwa ze-laser zidlala indima ebalulekile ekutholakaleni komlilo kusenesikhathi, zikwazi ukubona ngokushesha izimpawu zomlilo, njengokushintsha kwentuthu noma izinga lokushisa, ukuze ziqale ama-alamu ngesikhathi esifanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe be-laser bubaluleke kakhulu ekuqapheni nasekuqoqweni kwedatha ezindaweni zomlilo, buhlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile lokulawula umlilo.
Isicelo Esikhethekile: Ama-UAV kanye nobuchwepheshe be-Laser
Ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto zasemoyeni ezingenabantu (ama-UAV) ekuphepheni kuyakhula, kanti ubuchwepheshe be-laser buthuthukisa kakhulu amakhono azo okuqapha kanye nokuphepha. Lezi zinhlelo, ezisekelwe ku-Avalanche Photodiode (APD) Focal Plane Arrays (FPA) yesizukulwane esisha futhi zihlanganiswe nokucutshungulwa kwezithombe okusebenzayo kakhulu, zithuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kokuqapha.
Ama-Laser Aluhlaza kanye imojuli yokuthola ububanziekuzivikeleni
Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-laser,ama-laser okukhanya okuluhlaza, ngokuvamile esebenza ebangeni lama-nanometer angu-520 kuya ku-540, iphawuleka ngokubonakala kwayo okuphezulu kanye nokunemba. Lawa ma-laser awusizo kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga ukumaka noma ukubona kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amamojula okulinganisa ama-laser, asebenzisa ukusabalala okuqondile kanye nokunemba okuphezulu kwama-laser, alinganisa amabanga ngokubala isikhathi esithathwa yi-laser beam ukuhamba kusuka ku-emitter kuya ku-reflector kanye nokubuyela emuva. Lobu buchwepheshe bubalulekile ezinhlelweni zokulinganisa kanye nokubeka.
Ukuthuthuka Kobuchwepheshe Be-Laser Kwezokuphepha
Kusukela yasungulwa maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, ubuchwepheshe be-laser buye bathuthukiswa kakhulu. Ekuqaleni kwakuyithuluzi lokuhlola lesayensi, ama-laser abe yingxenye ebalulekile emikhakheni ehlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa imboni, ezokwelapha, ezokuxhumana, kanye nokuphepha. Emkhakheni wokuphepha, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-laser ziye zashintsha kusukela ezinhlelweni zokuqapha eziyisisekelo kanye nezinhlelo ze-alamu kuya ezinhlelweni eziyinkimbinkimbi nezinemisebenzi eminingi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukutholwa kokungena, ukubhekwa kwevidiyo, ukuqapha ithrafikhi, kanye nezinhlelo zokuxwayisa ngomlilo.
Ukuqamba Okusha Kwesikhathi Esizayo Kubuchwepheshe Be-Laser
Ikusasa lobuchwepheshe be-laser kwezokuphepha lingabona izinto ezintsha ezintsha, ikakhulukazi ngokuhlanganiswa kobuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI). Ama-algorithm e-AI ahlaziya idatha yokuskena nge-laser angabona futhi abikezele izinsongo zokuphepha ngokunembe kakhudlwana, athuthukise ukusebenza kahle nesikhathi sokuphendula kwezinhlelo zokuphepha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-Intanethi Yezinto (IoT) buthuthuka, ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe be-laser namadivayisi axhunywe kunethiwekhi cishe kuzoholela ezinhlelweni zokuphepha ezihlakaniphile nezizenzakalelayo ezikwazi ukuqapha nokuphendula ngesikhathi sangempela.
Lokhu kusungula izinto ezintsha kulindeleke ukuthi kungagcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokuphepha kodwa futhi kuguqule indlela yethu yokuphepha nokuqapha, okwenza kube okuhlakaniphile, okusebenzayo, nokuvumelana nezimo. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuthuthuka, ukusetshenziswa kwama-laser ekuphepheni kuzokwanda, kuhlinzeke ngezindawo eziphephile nezinokwethenjelwa.
Izinkomba
- UHosmer, P. (2004). Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuskena nge-laser ukuvikela umngcele. Imibiko yeNgqungquthela Yonyaka Yama-37 Yonyaka Ka-2003 Yomhlaba Wonke Ye-Carnahan Yobuchwepheshe Bokuphepha. I-DOI
- UWang, S., Qiu, S., Jin, W., & Wu, S. (2016). Umklamo weSistimu Yokucubungula Ama-Video Yesikhathi Sangempela Encane Eseduze Ne-infrared Laser Range. ICMMITA-16. DOI
- Hespel, L., Rivière, N., Fracès, M., Dupouy, P., Coyac, A., Barillot, P., Fauquex, S., Plyer, A., Tauvy,
- M., Jacquart, M., Vin, I., Nascimben, E., Perez, C., Velayguet, JP, & Gorce, D. (2017). Ukuthwebula izithombe nge-laser ye-2D kanye ne-3D flash yokuqapha ibanga elide ekuphepheni komngcele wasolwandle: ukutholwa kanye nokuhlonza izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphikisana ne-UAS. Izinqubo ze-SPIE - I-International Society for Optical Engineering. I-DOI
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