Bhalisela Imidiya Yethu Yezokuxhumana Ukuze Uthumele Ngokushesha

Ama-Lasers, isisekelo sobuchwepheshe besimanje, ayathakazelisa njengoba eyinkimbinkimbi. Ezinhliziyweni zabo kukhona i-symphony yezingxenye ezisebenza ndawonye ukuze zikhiqize ukukhanya okuhambisanayo, okukhulisiwe. Le bhulogi ihlolisisa ubunkimbinkimbi balezi zingxenye, ezisekelwa izimiso zesayensi nezibalo, ukuze zinikeze ukuqonda okujulile kobuchwepheshe be-laser.

Imibono Ethuthukisiwe Ezingxenyeni Zesistimu Ye-Laser: Umbono Wezobuchwepheshe Wochwepheshe

Isakhi	Umsebenzi	Izibonelo
Thola Okumaphakathi	I- gain medium into ekulaser esetshenziselwa ukukhulisa ukukhanya. Kwenza kube lula ukukhuliswa kokukhanya ngenqubo yokuguquguquka kwenani labantu kanye nokuphuma okukhuthazwayo. Ukukhethwa kwe- gain medium kunquma izici zemisebe ye-laser.	I-Solid-State Lasers: isb, Nd:YAG (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet), esetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezokwelapha nezimboni.Igesi Lasers: isb, amalaser e-CO2, asetshenziselwa ukusika nokushisela.I-Semiconductor Lasers:isb, ama-laser diode, asetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwe-fiber optics nezikhombisi ze-laser.
Umthombo Wokumpompa	Umthombo wokumpompa unikeza amandla endaweni yokuthola amandla ukuze kuzuzwe ukuguquguquka kwesibalo sabantu (umthombo wamandla wokuguqula inani labantu), okuvumela ukusebenza kwe-laser.	I-Optical Pumping: Ukusebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya okuqinile njengamathoshi ukumpompa ama-lasers wesimo esiqinile.Ukumpompa ngogesi: Ukujabulisa igesi kumalaser egesi ngokusebenzisa ugesi wamanje.I-Semiconductor Pumping: Ukusebenzisa i-laser diode ukupompa i-solid state laser medium.
I-Optical Cavity	I-Optical cavity, ehlanganisa izibuko ezimbili, ibonisa ukukhanya ukuze kwandiswe ubude bendlela yokukhanya endaweni yokuthola, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukukhulisa ukukhanya. Inikeza indlela yempendulo yokukhulisa i-laser, ukukhetha izici zokukhanya kanye nendawo yokukhanya.	I-Planar-Planar Cavity: Isetshenziswa ocwaningweni lwaselabhorethri, isakhiwo esilula.I-Planar-Concave Cavity: Okuvamile kuma-lasers wezimboni, inikeza imishayo yekhwalithi ephezulu. Ring Cavity: Isetshenziswa kumiklamo ethile yama-lasers endandatho, njengamalaser egesi eyindandatho.

I-Gain Medium: I-Nexus ye-Quantum Mechanics nobunjiniyela be-Optical

I-Quantum Dynamics ku-Gain Medium

Indawo yokuzuza yilapho inqubo eyisisekelo yokukhulisa ukukhanya yenzeka, into egxile kakhulu ku-quantum mechanics. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezimo zamandla kanye nezinhlayiya eziphakathi nendawo kulawulwa yizimiso zokukhishwa okukhuthazwayo kanye nokuguqulwa kwabantu. Ubudlelwano obubalulekile phakathi kokuqina kokukhanya (I), ukuqina kokuqala (I0), i-transition cross-section (σ21), kanye nezinombolo zezinhlayiyana kumazinga amabili wamandla (N2 kanye ne-N1) kuchazwa yi-equation I = I0e^ (σ21(N2-N1)L). Ukuzuza ukuguqulwa kwenani labantu, lapho i-N2 > N1, ibalulekile ekukhuliseni futhi kuyisisekelo se-laser physics[1].

Amaleveli amathathu vs. Amasistimu Amazinga Amane

Emiklamo ye-laser esebenzayo, amasistimu anamazinga amathathu namazinga amane avame ukusetshenziswa. Amasistimu anamazinga amathathu, nakuba elula, adinga amandla engeziwe ukuze afinyelele ukuguquguquka kwenani labantu njengoba izinga eliphansi le-laser liwumbuso ophansi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amasistimu aleveli amane, anikeza umzila osebenza kahle kakhulu wokuguquguquka kwenani labantu ngenxa yokuwohloka okusheshayo okungakhiqizi imisebe kusuka ezingeni eliphezulu lamandla, okuwenza avame kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwelaser yesimanje[2].

Is Ingilazi ye-Erbium-dopedindlela yokuthola?

Yebo, ingilazi ye-erbium-doped ngempela iwuhlobo lokuzuza olusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-laser. Kulo mongo, "i-doping" ibhekisela kunqubo yokwengeza inani elithile lama-ion e-erbium (Er³⁺) engilazini. I-Erbium iyisici somhlaba esiyivelakancane okuthi, lapho sihlanganiswa nesisingathi sengilazi, singakhulisa ukukhanya ngempumelelo ngokukhipha okukhuthazwayo, inqubo eyisisekelo ekusebenzeni kwelaser.

Ingilazi ye-Erbium-doped iphawuleka ikakhulukazi ngokusetshenziswa kwayo kuma-fiber lasers nama-fiber amplifiers, ikakhulukazi embonini yezokuxhumana. Ifaneleka kahle kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ngoba ikhulisa kahle ukukhanya kumaza wamaza azungeze u-1550 nm, okuwubude beza obubalulekile bezokuxhumana nge-fiber optical ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwayo okuphansi emiculweni ye-silica ejwayelekile.

Ii-erbiumama-ion amunca ukukhanya kwepompo (ngokuvamile kusuka ku-alaser diode) futhi bajabulele izifunda zamandla aphezulu. Lapho zibuyela esimweni esiphansi samandla, zikhipha ama-photon ku-wavelength ye-lasing, okunomthelela enqubweni ye-laser. Lokhu kwenza ingilazi ye-erbium-doped ibe maphakathi nenzuzo esetshenziswa kabanzi emiklameni ehlukahlukene yelaser neamplifier.

Amabhulogi Ahlobene: Izindaba - Ingilazi ye-Erbium-Doped: Isayensi Nezicelo

Izindlela Zokumpompa: Amandla Okushayela Ngemva Kwelaser

Izindlela Ezihlukene Zokuthola Ukuguqulwa Kwabantu

Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokumpompa kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwe-laser, kuthonya yonke into kusukela ekusebenzeni kahle kuye kubude begagasi obuphumayo. Ukupompa okubonakalayo, kusetshenziswa imithombo yokukhanya yangaphandle efana namathoshi noma amanye amalaser, kuvamile kumalaser wesimo esiqinile kanye nama-laser. Izindlela zokukhipha ugesi zivame ukusetshenziswa kumalaser egesi, kuyilapho ama-laser we-semiconductor evamise ukusebenzisa umjovo we-electron. Ukusebenza kahle kwalezi zindlela zokumpompa, ikakhulukazi kuma-laser e-diode-pumped solid-state, bekugxilwe kakhulu ocwaningweni lwakamuva, olunikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nokubumbana[3].

Ukucatshangelwa Kwezobuchwepheshe Ekuphungeni Ngempumelelo

Ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokumpompa kuyisici esibalulekile sokuklama kwe-laser, okunomthelela ekusebenzeni okuphelele nokufaneleka kohlelo lokusebenza. Kuma-lasers wesimo esiqinile, ukukhetha phakathi kwamathoshi nama-laser diode njengomthombo wephampu kungase kuthinte ngokuphawulekayo ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu, umthwalo oshisayo, nekhwalithi ye-beam. Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-laser diode anamandla amakhulu, asebenza kahle kakhulu kuye kwaguqula amasistimu we-laser we-DPSS, okwenza imiklamo ehlangene nesebenza kahle kakhulu[4].

I-Optical Cavity: Ubunjiniyela be-Laser Beam

I-Cavity Design: Umthetho Wokulinganisa WeFiziksi Nobunjiniyela

I-optical cavity, noma i-resonator, ayiyona nje ingxenye yokwenziwa kodwa iyingxenye esebenzayo ekubumbeni i-laser beam. Idizayini yesikhala, okuhlanganisa ukugoba nokuqondanisa kwezibuko, idlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuzinza, ukwakheka kwemodi, nokuphuma kwelaser. I-cavity kumele yakhelwe ukuthuthukisa inzuzo yokubona ngenkathi inciphisa ukulahlekelwa, inselele ehlanganisa ubunjiniyela be-optical ne-wave optics.5.

Izimo Zokuzulazula kanye Nokukhethwa Kwemodi

Ukuze kwenzeke i-laser oscillation, inzuzo ehlinzekwe yi-medium kufanele idlule ukulahlekelwa ngaphakathi kwendawo. Lesi simo, sihambisana nemfuneko ye-wave superposition ehambisanayo, sibeka ukuthi kusekelwe izindlela ezithile ze-longitudinal kuphela. Isikhala semodi kanye nesakhiwo semodi iyonke kuthonywa ubude bomzimba be-cavity kanye ne-refractive index of the gain medium[6].

Isiphetho

Ukuklanywa nokusebenza kwezinhlelo ze-laser kuhlanganisa i-spectrum ebanzi yezimiso zefiziksi kanye nobunjiniyela. Kusukela kumishini ye-quantum elawula i-gain medium ukuya kubunjiniyela obuyinkimbinkimbi be-optical cavity, ingxenye ngayinye yesistimu ye-laser idlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwayo kukonke. Lesi sihloko sinikeze amazwibela emhlabeni oyinkimbinkimbi wobuchwepheshe be-laser, enikeza imininingwane ehambisana nokuqonda okuthuthukisiwe kosolwazi nonjiniyela be-optical kulo mkhakha.

Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Laser oluhlobene

Imikhiqizo Ehlobene

I-Diode Pumped Solid State Laser

Phakamisa ucwaningo lwakho kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ngochungechunge lwethu lwe-Diode Pumped Solid State Lasers (DPSS). Lawa ma-lasers, afakwe amandla aphezulu okumpompa, ikhwalithi ye-beam ehlukile, nokuzinza okungenakuqhathaniswa, anikeza izixazululo eziguquguqukayo zezinhlelo zokusebenza.

I-Laser Diode Array

Uchungechunge lwezitaki ze-Laser Diode zitholakala ku-horizontal, mpo, i-polygon, indandatho, kanye nama-mini-stacked arrays, adayiswa ndawonye kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-AuSn hard soldering.Isitaki sokupholisa singasetshenziswa ekukhanyiseni, ocwaningweni, ekutholeni nasekuphampeni imithombo.

I-Fiber Coupled Laser Diode

Amalaser e-fiber-coupled diode, akhipha ukukhanya okubushelelezi nokuyisiyingi ngekhwalithi ye-symmetrical beam, achazwa njengamadivayisi we-diode laser ahlanganisa ukukhanya okuphumela kube yi-optical fiber.

I-Erbium-Doped Glass Laser

I-Erbium-Doped Glass Laser yethu, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-1535nm Eye-Safe Er Glass Laser, ihamba phambili ekutholeni uhla okuphephile kwamehlo. Inikeza ukusebenza okuthembekile, okungabizi, okukhipha ukukhanya okumuncwa i-cornea kanye nezinhlaka zamehlo acwebezelayo, okuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwe-retina.

Izithenjwa

1. Siegman, AE (1986). Ama-Lasers. Izincwadi Zesayensi Yenyuvesi.
2. Svelto, O. (2010). Izimiso Lasers. Springer.
3. Koechner, W. (2006). Solid-State Laser Engineering. Springer.
4. Piper, JA, & Mildren, RP (2014). I-Diode Pumped Solid State Lasers. Ku-Handbook of Laser Technology and Applications (Vol. III). CRC Cindezela.
5. Milonni, PW, & Eberly, JH (2010). I-Laser Physics. Wiley.
6. Silfvast, WT (2004). Laser Fundamentals. I-Cambridge University Press.

Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-27-2023

Izingxenye Ezibalulekile ze-laser: Thola Okumaphakathi, Umthombo Wephampu, kanye ne-Optical Cavity.