Bhalisela Imidiya Yethu Yezokuxhumana Ukuze Uthumele Ngokushesha

Ama-Lasers, isisekelo sobuchwepheshe besimanje, ayathakazelisa njengoba eyinkimbinkimbi.Ezinhliziyweni zabo kukhona i-symphony yezingxenye ezisebenza ndawonye ukuze zikhiqize ukukhanya okuhambisanayo, okukhulisiwe.Le bhulogi ihlolisisa ubunkimbinkimbi balezi zingxenye, ezisekelwa izimiso zesayensi nezibalo, ukuze zinikeze ukuqonda okujulile kobuchwepheshe be-laser.

Imibono Ethuthukisiwe Ezingxenyeni Zesistimu Ye-Laser: Umbono Wezobuchwepheshe Wochwepheshe

Isakhi	Umsebenzi	Izibonelo
Thola Okumaphakathi	I- gain medium into ekulaser esetshenziselwa ukukhulisa ukukhanya.Kwenza kube lula ukukhuliswa kokukhanya ngenqubo yokuguquguquka kwenani labantu kanye nokukhipha okukhuthazwayo.Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokuzuza kunquma izici zemisebe ye-laser.	I-Solid-State Lasers: isb, Nd:YAG (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet), esetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezokwelapha nezimboni.Igesi Lasers: isb, amalaser e-CO2, asetshenziselwa ukusika nokushisela.I-Semiconductor Lasers:isb, ama-laser diode, asetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwe-fiber optics nezikhombisi ze-laser.
Umthombo Wokumpompa	Umthombo wokumpompa unikeza amandla endaweni yokuthola amandla ukuze kuzuzwe ukuguquguquka kwesibalo sabantu (umthombo wamandla wokuguqula inani labantu), okuvumela ukusebenza kwe-laser.	I-Optical Pumping: Ukusebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya okuqinile njengamathoshi ukumpompa ama-lasers wesimo esiqinile.Ukumpompa ngogesi: Ukujabulisa igesi kumalaser egesi ngokusebenzisa ugesi wamanje.I-Semiconductor Pumping: Ukusebenzisa i-laser diode ukupompa i-solid state laser medium.
I-Optical Cavity	I-Optical cavity, ehlanganisa izibuko ezimbili, ibonisa ukukhanya ukuze kwandiswe ubude bendlela yokukhanya endaweni yokuthola, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukukhulisa ukukhanya.Inikeza indlela yempendulo yokukhulisa i-laser, ukukhetha izici zokukhanya kanye nendawo yokukhanya.	I-Planar-Planar Cavity: Isetshenziswa ocwaningweni lwaselabhorethri, isakhiwo esilula.I-Planar-Concave Cavity: Okuvamile kuma-lasers wezimboni, inikeza imishayo yekhwalithi ephezulu. Ring Cavity: Isetshenziswa kumiklamo ethile yama-lasers endandatho, njengamalaser egesi eyindandatho.

I-Gain Medium: I-Nexus ye-Quantum Mechanics nobunjiniyela be-Optical

I-Quantum Dynamics ku-Gain Medium

Indawo yokuzuza yilapho inqubo eyisisekelo yokukhulisa ukukhanya yenzeka, into egxile kakhulu ku-quantum mechanics.Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezimo zamandla kanye nezinhlayiya eziphakathi nendawo kulawulwa yizimiso zokukhishwa okukhuthazwayo kanye nokuguqulwa kwabantu.Ubudlelwano obubalulekile phakathi kokuqina kokukhanya (I), ukuqina kokuqala (I0), i-transition cross-section (σ21), kanye nezinombolo zezinhlayiyana kumazinga amabili wamandla (N2 kanye ne-N1) kuchazwa yi-equation I = I0e^ (σ21(N2-N1)L).Ukuzuza ukuguquguquka kwenani labantu, lapho i-N2 > N1, ibalulekile ekukhuliseni futhi kuyisisekelo se-laser physics[1].

Amaleveli amathathu vs. Amasistimu Amazinga Amane

Emiklamo ye-laser esebenzayo, amasistimu anamazinga amathathu namazinga amane avame ukusetshenziswa.Amasistimu anamazinga amathathu, nakuba elula, adinga amandla engeziwe ukuze afinyelele ukuguquguquka kwenani labantu njengoba izinga eliphansi le-laser liwumbuso ophansi.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amasistimu aleveli amane, anikeza umzila osebenza kahle kakhulu wokuguquguquka kwenani labantu ngenxa yokuwohloka okusheshayo okungakhiqizi imisebe kusuka ezingeni eliphezulu lamandla, okuwenza avame kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwelaser yesimanje[2].

Is Ingilazi ye-Erbium-dopedindlela yokuthola?

Yebo, ingilazi ye-erbium-doped ngempela iwuhlobo lokuzuza olusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-laser.Kulo mongo, "i-doping" ibhekisela kunqubo yokwengeza inani elithile lama-ion e-erbium (Er³⁺) engilazini.I-Erbium iyisici somhlaba esiyivelakancane okuthi, lapho sihlanganiswa nesisingathi sengilazi, singakhulisa ukukhanya ngempumelelo ngokukhipha okukhuthazwayo, inqubo eyisisekelo ekusebenzeni kwelaser.

Ingilazi ye-Erbium-doped iphawuleka ikakhulukazi ngokusetshenziswa kwayo kuma-fiber lasers nama-fiber amplifiers, ikakhulukazi embonini yezokuxhumana.Ifaneleka kahle kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ngoba ikhulisa kahle ukukhanya kumaza wamaza azungeze u-1550 nm, okuwubude beza obubalulekile bezokuxhumana nge-fiber optical ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwayo okuphansi emiculweni ye-silica ejwayelekile.

Ii-erbiumama-ion amunca ukukhanya kwepompo (ngokuvamile kusuka ku-alaser diode) futhi bajabulele izifunda zamandla aphezulu.Lapho zibuyela esimweni esiphansi samandla, zikhipha ama-photon ku-wavelength ye-lasing, okunomthelela enqubweni ye-laser.Lokhu kwenza ingilazi ye-erbium-doped ibe maphakathi nenzuzo esetshenziswa kabanzi emiklameni ehlukahlukene yelaser neamplifier.

Amabhulogi Ahlobene: Izindaba - Ingilazi ye-Erbium-Doped: Isayensi Nezicelo

Izindlela Zokumpompa: Amandla Okushayela Ngemva Kwelaser

Izindlela Ezihlukene Zokuthola Ukuguqulwa Kwabantu

Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokumpompa kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwe-laser, kuthonya yonke into kusukela ekusebenzeni kahle kuye kubude begagasi obuphumayo.Ukupompa okubonakalayo, kusetshenziswa imithombo yokukhanya yangaphandle efana namathoshi noma amanye amalaser, kuvamile kumalaser wesimo esiqinile kanye nama-laser.Izindlela zokukhipha ugesi zivame ukusetshenziswa kumalaser egesi, kuyilapho ama-laser we-semiconductor evamise ukusebenzisa umjovo we-electron.Ukusebenza kahle kwalezi zindlela zokumpompa, ikakhulukazi kuma-laser e-diode-pumped solid-state, bekugxilwe kakhulu ocwaningweni lwakamuva, olunikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nokubumbana[3].

Ukucatshangelwa Kwezobuchwepheshe Ekuphungeni Ngempumelelo

Ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokumpompa kuyisici esibalulekile sokuklama kwe-laser, okunomthelela ekusebenzeni okuphelele nokufaneleka kohlelo lokusebenza.Kuma-lasers wesimo esiqinile, ukukhetha phakathi kwamathoshi nama-laser diode njengomthombo wephampu kungathinta kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu, umthwalo oshisayo, kanye nekhwalithi ye-beam.Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-laser diode anamandla amakhulu, asebenza kahle kakhulu kuye kwaguqula amasistimu e-laser e-DPSS, okwenza imiklamo ehlangene nesebenza kahle kakhulu[4].

I-Optical Cavity: Ubunjiniyela be-Laser Beam

I-Cavity Design: Umthetho Wokulinganisa WeFiziksi Nobunjiniyela

I-optical cavity, noma i-resonator, ayiyona nje ingxenye yokwenziwa kodwa iyingxenye esebenzayo ekubumbeni i-laser beam.Idizayini yesikhala, okuhlanganisa ukugoba nokuqondanisa kwezibuko, idlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuzinza, ukwakheka kwemodi, nokuphuma kwelaser.I-cavity kumele yakhelwe ukuthuthukisa inzuzo yokubona ngenkathi inciphisa ukulahlekelwa, inselele ehlanganisa ubunjiniyela be-optical ne-wave optics.5.

Izimo Zokuzulazula kanye Nokukhethwa Kwemodi

Ukuze kwenzeke i-laser oscillation, inzuzo ehlinzekwe yi-medium kufanele idlule ukulahlekelwa ngaphakathi kwendawo.Lesi simo, sihambisana nemfuneko ye-wave superposition ehambisanayo, sibeka ukuthi kusekelwe izindlela ezithile ze-longitudinal kuphela.Isikhala semodi kanye nesakhiwo semodi iyonke kuthonywa ubude bomzimba be-cavity kanye ne-refractive index of the gain medium[6].

Isiphetho

Ukuklanywa nokusebenza kwezinhlelo ze-laser kuhlanganisa i-spectrum ebanzi yezimiso zefiziksi kanye nobunjiniyela.Kusukela kumishini ye-quantum elawula i-gain medium ukuya kubunjiniyela obuyinkimbinkimbi be-optical cavity, ingxenye ngayinye yesistimu ye-laser idlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwayo kukonke.Lesi sihloko sinikeze amazwibela emhlabeni oyinkimbinkimbi wobuchwepheshe be-laser, enikeza imininingwane ehambisana nokuqonda okuthuthukisiwe kosolwazi nonjiniyela be-optical kulo mkhakha.

Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Laser oluhlobene

Imikhiqizo Ehlobene

I-Diode Pumped Solid State Laser

Phakamisa ucwaningo lwakho kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ngochungechunge lwethu lwe-Diode Pumped Solid State Lasers (DPSS).Lawa ma-lasers, afakwe amandla aphezulu okumpompa, ikhwalithi ye-beam ehlukile, nokuzinza okungenakuqhathaniswa, anikeza izixazululo eziguquguqukayo zezinhlelo zokusebenza.

I-Laser Diode Array

Uchungechunge lwezitaki ze-Laser Diode zitholakala ku-horizontal, mpo, i-polygon, indandatho, kanye nama-mini-stacked arrays, adayiswa ndawonye kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-AuSn hard soldering.Isitaki sokupholisa singasetshenziswa ekukhanyiseni, ocwaningweni, ekutholeni nasekuphampeni imithombo.

I-Fiber Coupled Laser Diode

Amalaser e-fiber-coupled diode, akhipha ukukhanya okubushelelezi nokuyisiyingi ngekhwalithi ye-symmetrical beam, achazwa njengamadivayisi we-diode laser ahlanganisa ukukhanya okuphumela kube yi-optical fiber.

I-Erbium-Doped Glass Laser

I-Erbium-Doped Glass Laser yethu, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-1535nm Eye-Safe Er Glass Laser, ihamba phambili ekutholeni uhla okuphephile kwamehlo.Inikeza ukusebenza okuthembekile, okungabizi, okukhipha ukukhanya okumuncwa i-cornea kanye nezinhlaka zamehlo acwebezelayo, okuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwe-retina.

Izikhombo

1. Siegman, AE (1986).Ama-Lasers.Izincwadi Zesayensi Yenyuvesi.
2. Svelto, O. (2010).Izimiso Lasers.Springer.
3. Koechner, W. (2006).Solid-State Laser Engineering.Springer.
4. Piper, JA, & Mildren, RP (2014).I-Diode Pumped Solid State Lasers.Ku-Handbook of Laser Technology and Applications (Vol. III).CRC Cindezela.
5. Milonni, PW, & Eberly, JH (2010).I-Laser Physics.Wiley.
6. Silfvast, WT (2004).Laser Fundamentals.I-Cambridge University Press.

Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-27-2023

Izingxenye Ezibalulekile ze-laser: Thola Okumaphakathi, Umthombo Wephampu, kanye ne-Optical Cavity.