Bhalisela Imidiya Yethu Yezokuxhumana Ukuze Uthumele Ngokushesha
Isingeniso sokucutshungulwa kwe-Laser Ekwenziweni
Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula i-laser buye bathuthuka ngokushesha futhi busetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene, efana ne-aerospace, izimoto, i-electronics, nokunye.Idlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukukhiqiza kwabasebenzi, kanye ne-automation, kuyilapho kunciphisa ukungcoliswa nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo (Gong, 2012).
Ukucutshungulwa kwe-Laser Ezintweni Zensimbi Nezingezona Zensimbi
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kokucutshungulwa kwe-laser kule minyaka eyishumi edlule bekusezintweni zensimbi, okuhlanganisa ukusika, ukushisela, nokuhlanganisa.Kodwa-ke, insimu iyakhula ibe izinto ezingezona ezensimbi njengezindwangu, ingilazi, amapulasitiki, ama-polymers, nezitsha zobumba.Ngayinye yalezi zinto zivula amathuba ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, nakuba sezivele sezisungule izindlela zokucubungula (Yumoto et al., 2017).
Izinselele kanye Nokusungulwayo Ekucutshungulweni Kwengilazi Yengilazi
Ingilazi, kanye nokusebenza kwayo okubanzi ezimbonini ezifana nezezimoto, ezokwakha, nezogesi, imele indawo ebalulekile yokucubungula i-laser.Izindlela zokusika zengilazi zendabuko, ezibandakanya i-alloy eqinile noma amathuluzi wedayimane, zinqunyelwe ukusebenza kahle okuphansi kanye nemiphetho emangelengele.Ngokuphambene, ukusika kwe-laser kunikeza enye indlela esebenza kahle futhi enembile.Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi ezimbonini ezifana nokukhiqiza ama-smartphone, lapho ukusika nge-laser kusetshenziswa amakhava amalensi ekhamera nezikrini ezinkulu zokubonisa (Ding et al., 2019).
Ukucutshungulwa kwe-Laser Kwezinhlobo Zengilazi Yenani Eliphezulu
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zengilazi, njengengilazi yokubona, ingilazi yequartz, nengilazi yesafire, ziletha izinselele eziyingqayizivele ngenxa yemvelo yazo ephukayo.Kodwa-ke, amasu e-laser athuthukisiwe afana ne-femtosecond laser etching anike amandla ukucutshungulwa okunembayo kwalezi zinto (Sun & Flores, 2010).
Umthelela we-Wavelength kuzinqubo ze-Laser Technological
Ubude begagasi be-laser buthinta kakhulu inqubo, ikakhulukazi ezintweni ezifana nensimbi yesakhiwo.Amalaza akhipha imisebe ye-ultraviolet, ebonakalayo, eseduze nezikude ye-infrared ahlaziywe ukuminyana kwawo okubalulekile kwamandla okuncibilika nokuhwamuka (Lazov, Angelov, & Teirumnieks, 2019).
Izicelo Ezihlukahlukene Ngokusekelwe kuma-Wavelengths
Ukukhethwa kwe-laser wavelength akunasizathu kodwa kuncike kakhulu ezintweni ezibonakalayo kanye nomphumela ofisayo.Isibonelo, amalaser e-UV (anamaza amaza amafushane) angcono kakhulu ekuqoshweni okunembayo kanye ne-micromachining, njengoba angakhiqiza imininingwane ecolekile.Lokhu kubenza balungele izimboni ze-semiconductor kanye ne-microelectronics.Ngokuphambene, ama-laser e-infrared asebenza kahle kakhulu ekucutshungulweni kwezinto eziwugqinsi ngenxa yamandla awo okungena ajulile, awenze afanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisindayo zezimboni.(Majumdar & Manna, 2013). Ngokufanayo, amalaser aluhlaza, ngokuvamile asebenza kubude begagasi obungu-532 nm, athola i-niche yawo ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukunemba okuphezulu anomthelela omncane wokushisa.Asebenza kahle kakhulu kuma-microelectronics wemisebenzi efana nokwenza iphethini yesekethe, ezinhlelweni zezokwelapha zezinqubo ezifana ne-photocoagulation, kanye nomkhakha wamandla avuselelekayo wokwenziwa kwamaseli elanga.Ubude beza beza be-laser obuhlaza buwenza afanelekele ukumaka nokuqopha izinto ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa amapulasitiki nezinsimbi, lapho ukugqama okuphezulu kanye nokulimala okuncane kwendawo kuyadingeka.Lokhu kuzivumelanisa nezimo kwama-lasers aluhlaza kugcizelela ukubaluleka kokukhetha ubude beza kubuchwepheshe be-laser, kuqinisekisa imiphumela emihle yezinto ezithile kanye nezicelo.
I525nm i-laser eluhlazaiwuhlobo oluthile lobuchwepheshe be-laser olubonakala ngokukhipha kwalo okugqamile kokukhanya okuluhlaza kubude begagasi obungama-nanometers angu-525.Ama-laser aluhlaza kulobu bubude beza beza athola izinhlelo zokusebenza ku-retinal photocoagulation, lapho amandla awo aphezulu nokunemba kuzuzisa khona.Angase abe wusizo ekucutshungulweni kwezinto, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni edinga ukucutshungulwa komthelela oshisayo okunembile nokuncane.Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-laser diode aluhlaza ku-c-plane GaN substrate ukuya kumaza amaza amade ku-524–532 nm kuphawula intuthuko enkulu kubuchwepheshe be-laser.Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kubalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga izici ezithile ze-wavelength
Imithombo Eqhubekayo ye-Wave kanye neModelocked Laser
Igagasi eliqhubekayo (CW) kanye nemithombo ye-laser ye-quasi-CW emodeliwe kumaza amaza ahlukahlukene njenge-close-infrared (NIR) ku-1064 nm, eluhlaza okotshani ku-532 nm, kanye ne-ultraviolet (UV) ku-355 nm kucatshangelwa amaseli elanga e-laser doping selective emitter.Amaza amaza ahlukene anemithelela yokukhiqiza ukuguquguquka nokusebenza kahle (Patel et al., 2011).
I-Excimer Lasers ye-Wide Band Gap Materials
Ama-laser e-Excimer, asebenza kubude begagasi be-UV, alungele ukucubungula izinto ze-bandgap ezibanzi njengengilazi ne-carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP), enikeza ukunemba okuphezulu nomthelela omncane wokushisa (Kobayashi et al., 2017).
Nd:Amalaza e-YAG ezicelo zezimboni
Ama-laser we-Nd:YAG, ngokuguquguquka kwawo ngokuya ngokushuna kwe-wavelength, asetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza.Amandla abo okusebenza kuzo zombili i-1064 nm kanye ne-532 nm ivumela ukuguquguquka ekucubunguleni izinto ezahlukahlukene.Isibonelo, i-wavelength engu-1064 nm ilungele ukuqoshwa okujulile ezinsimbi, kuyilapho i-wavelength engu-532 nm ihlinzeka ngokuqoshwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kumapulasitiki nezinsimbi ezimboziwe.(Moon et al., 1999).
→Imikhiqizo Ehlobene:I-CW Diode-pumped solid-state laser ene-wavelength engu-1064nm
I-High Power Fiber Laser Welding
Ama-laser anobude obungamaza asondele ku-1000 nm, anekhwalithi enhle ye-beam namandla aphezulu, asetshenziswa ku-keyhole laser welding yezinsimbi.Lawa ma-lasers ahwamuka kahle futhi ancibilike izinto zokwakha, akhiqize amashisela ekhwalithi ephezulu (Salminen, Piili, & Purtonen, 2010).
Ukuhlanganiswa Kokucubungula I-Laser Nobunye Ubuchwepheshe
Ukuhlanganiswa kokucutshungulwa kwe-laser nobunye ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, njengokuvala nokugaywa, kuholele ezinhlelweni zokukhiqiza ezisebenza kahle neziguquguqukayo.Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi ezimbonini ezifana nokukhiqiza amathuluzi nokufa kanye nokukhanda injini (Nowotny et al., 2010).
Ukucubungula i-Laser Ezindaweni Ezisafufusa
Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-laser kudlulela ezinkambini ezisafufusa ezifana ne-semiconductor, isibonisi, nezimboni zamafilimu ezacile, ezihlinzeka ngamakhono amasha nokuthuthukisa izakhiwo ezibonakalayo, ukunemba komkhiqizo, nokusebenza kwedivayisi (Hwang et al., 2022).
Amathrendi Azayo Ekucubunguleni I-Laser
Intuthuko yesikhathi esizayo kubuchwepheshe bokucutshungulwa kwe-laser igxile kumasu okwenziwa amanoveli, ukuthuthukisa izimfanelo zomkhiqizo, ubunjiniyela obudidiyelwe bezinto ezibonakalayo eziningi kanye nokuthuthukisa izinzuzo zezomnotho nezinqubo.Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-laser okusheshayo kwezakhiwo ezine-porosity elawulwayo, i-hybrid welding, kanye nokusikwa kwephrofayela ye-laser yamashidi ensimbi (Kukreja et al., 2013).
Ubuchwepheshe bokucutshungulwa kwe-laser, nezinhlelo zabo ezihlukene ezisetshenziswayo kanye nezinto ezintsha eziqhubekayo, bubumba ikusasa lokukhiqiza nokucubungula impahla.Ukuguquguquka kwayo nokunemba kuyenza ibe yithuluzi elibalulekile ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, icindezela imingcele yezindlela zokukhiqiza ezivamile.
Lazov, L., Angelov, N., & Teirumnieks, E. (2019).INDLELA YOKUHLAWULWA OKUQALA KWEMIMANDLA OMQOKAYO YEZINQUBO ZE-LASER TECHNOLOGICAL.EZIMO.UBUCHWEPHESHE.IZINSIZA.Izinqubo zeNgqungquthela Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yesayensi Nokusebenza. Isixhumanisi
Patel, R., Wenham, S., Tjahjono, B., Hallam, B., Sugianto, A., & Bovatsek, J. (2011).Ukwenziwa Kwesivinini Esiphezulu Kwe-Laser Doping Selective Emitter Solar Cells Asebenzisa i-532nm Continuous Wave (CW) kanye neModelocked Quasi-CW Laser Sources.Isixhumanisi
Kobayashi, M., Kakizaki, K., Oizumi, H., Mimura, T., Fujimoto, J., & Mizoguchi, H. (2017).I-DUV high power lasers processing for glass and CFRP.Isixhumanisi
Inyanga, H., Yi, J., Rhee, Y., Cha, B., Lee, J., & Kim, K.-S.(1999).Imvamisa ye-intracavity esebenza kahle iphindeka kabili kusukela ku-diode side-pumped side-pump i-laser ye-Nd:YAG kusetshenziswa ikristalu ye-KTP.Isixhumanisi
Salminen, A., Piili, H., & Purtonen, T. (2010).Izici zamandla aphezulu we-fiber laser welding.Izinqubo Zesikhungo Sonjiniyela Bemishini, Ingxenye C: Ijenali Yesayensi Yezobunjiniyela Bemishini, 224, 1019-1029.Isixhumanisi
UMajumdar, J., & Manna, I. (2013).Isingeniso Sokwenziwa Kwezinto Ezisetshenziswa Nge-Laser.Isixhumanisi
UGong, S. (2012).Uphenyo kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe be-laser processing.Isixhumanisi
U-Yumoto, J., Torizuka, K., & Kuroda, R. (2017).Ukuthuthukiswa Kombhede Wokuhlola Ukukhiqiza I-Laser kanye Nesizindalwazi Sokucubungula I-Laser-Material.Ukubuyekezwa Kobunjiniyela Be-Laser, 45, 565-570.Isixhumanisi
Ding, Y., Xue, Y., Pang, J., Yang, L.-j., & Hong, M. (2019).Ithuthuke kubuchwepheshe bokuqapha obungaphakathi kwe-situ bokucubungula i-laser.SCIENTIA SINICA Physica, Mechanica & Astronomica. Isixhumanisi
Sun, H., & Flores, K. (2010).Ukuhlaziywa Kwesakhiwo Esincane Sengilazi Yengilazi Yensimbi Ecutshungulwe nge-Laser ye-Zr.Imisebenzi ye-Metallurgical and Materials A. Isixhumanisi
Nowotny, S., Muenster, R., Scharek, S., & Beyer, E. (2010).Iseli ye-laser ehlanganisiwe yokuhlanganiswa kwe-laser nokugaya.Assembly Automation, 30(1), 36-38.Isixhumanisi
Kukreja, LM, Kaul, R., Paul, C., Ganesh, P., & Rao, BT (2013).Izindlela Zokucubungula Izinto Ezisafufusa Ze-Laser zezicelo Zezimboni Ezizayo.Isixhumanisi
Hwang, E., Choi, J., & Hong, S. (2022).Izinqubo ze-vacuum ezivelayo ezisizwa nge-laser zokwenziwa kwe-ultra-nemba, isivuno esikhulu.I-Nanoscale. Isixhumanisi
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-18-2024