Izindaba - Kungani sisebenzisa i-Nd: ikristalu ye-YAG njenge-gain medium ku-laser ye-DPSS?

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Iyini i-Laser Gain Medium?

I-laser gain medium iyinto ekhulisa ukukhanya ngokukhishwa okukhuthazwayo. Lapho ama-athomu noma ama-molecule e-medium eshukunyiswa amazinga aphezulu amandla, angakhipha ama-photon obubanzi obuthile lapho ebuyela esimweni samandla esiphansi. Le nqubo ikhulisa ukukhanya okudlula kule medium, okuyisisekelo sokusebenza kwe-laser.

[Ibhulogi Ehlobene:Izingxenye ezibalulekile ze-laser]

Iyini i-Okuvamile Gain Medium?

Indlela yokuthola inzuzo ingahlukahluka, okuhlanganisaamagesi, uketshezi (odayi), izinto eziqinile(amakristalu noma izibuko ezifakwe ama-ion ensimbi angavamile noma aguquguqukayo), kanye nama-semiconductor.Ama-laser e-Solid-state, isibonelo, bavame ukusebenzisa amakristalu afana ne-Nd: YAG (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet) noma izibuko ezifakwe izakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile. Ama-laser odayi asebenzisa amadayi e-organic ancibilikiswe ezinyibilikisi, kanti ama-laser odayi asebenzisa amagesi noma izingxube zegesi.

Izinduku ze-laser (kusukela kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla): i-Ruby, i-Alexandrite, i-Er:YAG, i-Nd:YAG

Umehluko phakathi kwe-Nd (Neodymium), i-Er (Erbium), kanye ne-Yb (Ytterbium) njengezindlela zokuthola i-gain mediums

ikakhulukazi zihlobene namaza okukhanya kwazo, izindlela zokudlulisa amandla, kanye nokusetshenziswa, ikakhulukazi kumongo wezinto ze-laser ezifakwe i-doped.

Ubude bamagagasi okukhipha:

- Er: I-Erbium ivame ukukhishwa ku-1.55 µm, okuyindawo ephephile emehlweni futhi ewusizo kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwezokuxhumana ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwayo okuphansi kwemicu ye-optical (Gong et al., 2016).

- Yb: I-Ytterbium ivame ukukhupha cishe ama-µm ayi-1.0 kuya ku-1.1, okwenza ifaneleke ezinhlelweni eziningi zokusebenza, okuhlanganisa ama-laser anamandla amakhulu kanye nama-amplifier. I-Yb ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesithokozisi se-Er ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamadivayisi afakwe i-Er ngokudlulisa amandla kusuka ku-Yb kuya ku-Er.

- Nd: Izinto ezifakwe i-Neodymium zivame ukukhupha cishe u-1.06 µm. Isibonelo, i-Nd:YAG yaziwa ngokusebenza kwayo kahle futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi kokubili kuma-laser ezimboni kanye nawezokwelapha (Y. Chang et al., 2009).

Izindlela Zokudlulisa Amandla:

- Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Er kanye ne-Yb: Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Er kanye ne-Yb endaweni yokwamukela kunenzuzo yokuthuthukisa ukukhishwa kwe-Er ebangeni elingu-1.5-1.6 µm. I-Yb isebenza njengesihluthulelo esisebenzayo se-Er ngokumunca ukukhanya kwephampu nokudlulisela amandla kuma-ion e-Er, okuholela ekukhulisweni okukhulu kwe-band yezokuxhumana. Lokhu kudluliswa kwamandla kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwama-amplifiers e-Er-doped fiber (EDFA) (DK Vysokikh et al., 2023).

- Nd: I-Nd ngokuvamile ayidingi i-sensitizer efana ne-Yb ezinhlelweni ezifakwe i-Er. Ukusebenza kahle kwe-Nd kutholakala ekumunceni kwayo ngqo ukukhanya kwephampu kanye nokukhishwa kwayo okulandelayo, okwenza kube yindlela yokuthola i-laser eqondile nephumelelayo.

Izicelo:

- U-Er:Isetshenziswa kakhulu kwezokuxhumana ngenxa yokukhishwa kwayo ku-1.55 µm, okuhambisana nefasitela lokulahlekelwa okuncane kakhulu kwezintambo ze-silica optical. Ama-gain mediums afakwe i-Er abalulekile kuma-amplifiers optical kanye nama-laser ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ze-fiber optic ezikude.

- Yb:Ivame ukusetshenziswa ezisetshenziswayo zamandla aphezulu ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo se-elekthronikhi esilula esivumela ukupompa kwe-diode okusebenzayo kanye nokukhipha amandla aphezulu. Izinto ezifakwe i-Yb nazo zisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinhlelo ezifakwe i-Er.

- Nd: Ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, kusukela ekusikeni nasekushiseleni kwezimboni kuya kuma-laser ezokwelapha. Ama-laser e-Nd:YAG aziswa kakhulu ngokusebenza kwawo kahle, amandla, kanye nokuguquguquka kwawo.

Kungani sikhethe i-Nd:YAG njengendlela yokuthola inzuzo ku-laser ye-DPSS

I-laser ye-DPSS uhlobo lwe-laser olusebenzisa i-solid-state gain medium (njenge-Nd: YAG) edonswa yi-semiconductor laser diode. Lobu buchwepheshe buvumela ama-laser amancane, asebenzayo akwazi ukukhiqiza imisebe yekhwalithi ephezulu ku-spectrum ebonakalayo kuya kwe-infrared. Ukuze uthole isihloko esinemininingwane, ungase ucabangele ukusesha kudathabheyisi yesayensi ethembekile noma abashicileli ukuze uthole izibuyekezo eziphelele ngobuchwepheshe be-laser ye-DPSS.

[Umkhiqizo Ohlobene:I-laser yesimo esiqinile epompiwe yi-diode]

I-Nd:YAG ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-gain medium kumamojula e-laser adonswa yi-semiconductor ngezizathu eziningana, njengoba kuqokonyiswe yizifundo ezahlukahlukene:

1.Ukusebenza Kahle Kakhulu Nokukhipha Amandla: Umklamo kanye nokulingisa kwe-module ye-laser ye-Nd:YAG epompelwe eceleni kwe-diode kubonise ukusebenza kahle okukhulu, nge-laser ye-Nd:YAG epompelwe eceleni kwe-diode enikeza amandla aphakathi aphezulu angu-220 W ngenkathi igcina amandla angaguquki nge-pulse ngayinye ebangeni elibanzi lemvamisa. Lokhu kubonisa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nethuba lokukhipha amandla aphezulu kwama-laser e-Nd:YAG uma epompelwa ngama-diode (Lera et al., 2016).
2. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo nokusebenza kanye nokuthembeka: I-Nd:YAG ceramics iboniswe ukuthi isebenza kahle kuma-wavelength ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nama-wavelength aphephile emehlweni, kanye nokusebenza kahle kakhulu kwe-optical-to-optical. Lokhu kubonisa ukuguquguquka nokuthembeka kwe-Nd:YAG njengendlela yokuthola inzuzo ezinhlelweni ezahlukene ze-laser (Zhang et al., 2013).
3. Ikhwalithi Yobude Besikhathi Eside kanye NomsebeUcwaningo nge-laser ye-Nd:YAG esebenza kahle kakhulu, epompelwe nge-diode, lugcizelele ukuhlala kwayo isikhathi eside nokusebenza kwayo njalo, okubonisa ukufaneleka kwe-Nd:YAG ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga imithombo ye-laser eqinile nethembekile. Ucwaningo lubike ukusebenza isikhathi eside ngezibhamu ezingaphezu kuka-4.8 x 10^9 ngaphandle komonakalo wokukhanya, okugcina ikhwalithi ye-beam enhle kakhulu (Coyle et al., 2004).
4. Ukusebenza Okuqhubekayo Okuqhubekayo Okusebenza Kakhulu:Izifundo zibonise ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kwama-laser e-Nd:YAG (amagagasi aqhubekayo) (CW), ziqokomisa ukusebenza kwawo njenge-gain medium ezinhlelweni ze-laser ezipompelwe yi-diode. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nokufinyelela ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-optical okuphezulu kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-slope, okufakazela ngokwengeziwe ukufaneleka kwe-Nd:YAG kwezicelo ze-laser ezisebenzayo kakhulu (Zhu et al., 2013).

Inhlanganisela yokusebenza kahle kakhulu, ukukhishwa kwamandla, ukuguquguquka kokusebenza, ukuthembeka, ukuhlala isikhathi eside, kanye nekhwalithi ye-beam enhle kakhulu kwenza i-Nd:YAG ibe yindawo yokuzuza ekhethwayo kumamojula e-laser adonswa yi-semiconductor ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ireferensi

Chang, Y., Su, K., Chang, H., & Chen, Y. (2009). I-laser ephephile yamehlo esebenza kahle kakhulu ye-Q-switched ku-1525 nm enekristalu ye-Nd:YVO4 enezinhlangothi ezimbili njenge-self-Raman medium. Optics Express, 17(6), 4330-4335.

UGong, G., uChen, Y., uLin, Y., uHuang, J., uGong, X., uLuo, Z., kanye noHuang, Y. (2016). Izakhiwo zokukhula kanye ne-spectroscopic zekristalu i-Er:Yb:KGd(PO3)_4 njenge-laser gain medium ethembisayo engu-155 µm. I-Optical Materials Express, 6, 3518-3526.

UVysokikh, DK, Bazakutsa, A., Dorofeenko, AV, & Butov, O. (2023). Imodeli esekelwe ekuhlolweni ye-Er/Yb gain medium yama-fibre amplifiers nama-laser. Ijenali ye-Optical Society of America B.

Lera, R., Valle-Brozas, F., Torres-Peiró, S., Ruiz-de-la-Cruz, A., Galán, M., Bellido, P., Seimetz, M., Benlloch, J., & Roso, L. (2016). Ukulingisa kwephrofayili yenzuzo nokusebenza kwelaser ye-QCW Nd:YAG egxishwe ohlangothini lwe-diode. I-Applied Optics, 55(33), 9573-9576.

Zhang, H., Chen, X., Wang, Q., Zhang, X., Chang, J., Gao, L., Shen, H., Cong, Z., Liu, Z., Tao, X., & Li, P. (2013). I-laser ephephile emehlweni esebenza kahle kakhulu ye-Nd:YAG esebenza ku-1442.8 nm. Optics Letters, 38(16), 3075-3077.

Coyle, DB, Kay, R., Stysley, P., & Poulios, D. (2004). I-laser ye-Nd:YAG esebenza kahle, ethembekile, ehlala isikhathi eside, epompelwe nge-diode ye-altimetry yezitshalo ezisekelwe esikhaleni. I-Applied Optics, 43(27), 5236-5242.

UZhu, HY, Xu, CW, Zhang, J., Tang, D., Luo, D., & Duan, Y. (2013). Ama-laser e-ceramic e-Nd:YAG asebenza kahle kakhulu angamagagasi aqhubekayo angu-946 nm. Izincwadi ze-Laser Physics, 10.

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