Izindaba - Kungani sisebenzisa i-Nd: YAG crystal njengendlela yokuzuza ku-laser ye-DPSS?

Bhalisela Imidiya Yethu Yezokuxhumana Ukuze Uthumele Ngokushesha

Iyini i-Laser Gain Medium?

I-laser gain medium into ekhulisa ukukhanya ngokukhipha okukhuthazwayo. Uma ama-athomu e-medium noma ama-molecule ejabulele amazinga aphezulu wamandla, angakhipha ama-photon obude obuthile be-wavelength lapho ebuyela esimweni esiphansi samandla. Le nqubo ikhulisa ukukhanya okudlula phakathi nendawo, okuyisisekelo ekusebenzeni kwe-laser.

[Ibhulogi Ehlobene:Izingxenye ezibalulekile ze-laser]

Iyini i-Sual Gain Medium?

Indlela yokuthola ingahluka, kuhlanganiseamagesi, uketshezi (amadayi), okuqinile(amakristalu noma izibuko ezifakwe ama-ion ensimbi angajwayelekile noma ashintshashintshayo), nama-semiconductors.I-solid-state lasers, isibonelo, ngokuvamile zisebenzisa amakristalu afana ne-Nd: YAG (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet) noma izibuko ezifakwe izinto ezingavamile zomhlaba. Amalaser odayi asebenzisa odayi bemvelo abancibilikisiwe kuzincibilikisi, futhi amalaser egesi asebenzisa amagesi noma izingxube zegesi.

Izinduku ze-laser (kusuka kwesobunxele kuye kwesokudla): U-Ruby, u-Alexandrite, u-Er:YAG, Nd:YAG

Umehluko phakathi kwe-Nd (Neodymium), i-Er (Erbium), ne-Yb (Ytterbium) njengendlela yokuzuza

ngokuyinhloko kuhlobene nokukhishwa kwamaza wamaza, izindlela zokudlulisa amandla, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza, ikakhulukazi kumongo wezinto ze-laser ene-doped.

I-Emission Wavelengths:

- I-Er: I-Erbium ngokuvamile ikhipha ku-1.55 µm, esendaweni ephephile futhi ewusizo kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ngocingo ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwayo okuphansi kuma-optical fibers (Gong et al., 2016).

- I-Yb: I-Ytterbium ivamise ukukhipha cishe u-1.0 ukuya ku-1.1 µm, iyenze ifanelekele uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza, okuhlanganisa amalaser anamandla amakhulu nezikhulisi. I-Yb ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengesizwisi se-Er ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwamadivayisi e-Er-doped ngokudlulisela amandla asuka ku-Yb aye ku-Er.

- Nd: Izinto ezenziwe nge-Neodymium-doped ngokuvamile ziphuma cishe ku-1.06 µm. I-Nd:I-YAG, isibonelo, idume ngokusebenza kahle kwayo futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu kuzo zombili izimboni ze-laser zezimboni nezokwelapha (Y. Chang et al., 2009).

Izindlela Zokudlulisa Amandla:

- I-Er ne-Yb Co-doping: I-co-doping ye-Er ne-Yb endaweni yokusingathi inenzuzo yokuthuthukisa ukuphuma ku-1.5-1.6 µm ububanzi. I-Yb isebenza njengesizwisisi esisebenza kahle se-Er ngokumunca ukukhanya kwephampu nokudlulisa amandla kuma-ion e-Er, okuholela ekukhiqizweni okuthuthukisiwe kubhendi yezokuxhumana. Lokhu kudluliselwa kwamandla kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwe-Er-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) (DK Vysokikh et al., 2023).

- Nd: I-Nd ngokuvamile ayidingi isensitizer efana ne-Yb kumasistimu e-Er-doped. Ukusebenza kahle kwe-Nd kususelwa ekumunceni kwayo okuqondile kokukhanya kwephampu kanye nokuphuma kwayo okulandelayo, okuyenza ibe indlela yokuzuza nge-laser eqondile nephumelelayo.

Izicelo:

- Er:Isetshenziswa kakhulu kwezokuxhumana ngenxa yokuphuma kwayo ku-1.55 µm, okuhambisana nefasitela elincane lokulahlekelwa lemicu ye-silica optical. Izindlela zokuzuza ze-er-doped zibalulekile kuma-amplifiers optical nama-lasers ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ze-fiber optic zamabanga amade.

- Yb:Isetshenziswa kaningi ezinhlelweni zamandla aphezulu ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo se-elekthronikhi esilula esivumela ukupompa okusebenzayo kwe-diode kanye nokuphuma kwamandla aphezulu. Izinto ze-Yb-doped nazo zisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinhlelo ze-Er-doped.

-Nd: Ifaneleka kahle uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza, kusukela ekusikeni kwezimboni kanye nokushisela kuya kuma-lasers wezokwelapha. Nd:Ama-laser e-YAG aziswa kakhulu ngokusebenza kahle kwawo, amandla, kanye nokuguquguquka.

Kungani sikhethe i-Nd:YAG njengendlela yokuzuza ku-laser ye-DPSS

I-laser ye-DPSS iwuhlobo lwe-laser esebenzisa i-solid-state gain medium (njenge-Nd: YAG) empontshwa i-semiconductor laser diode. Lobu buchwepheshe buvumela ama-laser ahlangene, asebenza kahle akwazi ukukhiqiza imishayo yekhwalithi ephezulu ku-spectrum ebonakalayo kuya ku-infrared. Ukuze uthole i-athikili enemininingwane, ungase ucabange ukusesha kusizindalwazi sesayensi esithembekile noma abashicileli ukuze uthole ukubuyekezwa okuphelele kubuchwepheshe belaser be-DPSS.

[Umkhiqizo Ohlobene :I-Diode-pumped solid-state laser]

I-Nd:YAG ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengendawo yokuzuza kumamojula we-laser adonswa nge-semiconductor ngenxa yezizathu ezimbalwa, njengoba kugqanyiswe izifundo ezahlukahlukene:

1.Ukusebenza Okuphezulu Nokukhipha Amandla: Idizayini nokulingisa kwemojuli ye-laser ye-diode egxishwe ohlangothini i-Nd:YAG ibonise ukusebenza kahle okuphawulekayo, nge-laser ye-diode empontshelwa ohlangothini lwe-Nd:YAG enikeza amandla amaphakathi aphezulu angu-220 W kuyilapho igcina amandla angashintshi ekushayeni ngakunye ebangeni elibanzi lefrikhwensi. Lokhu kukhombisa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu namandla okukhipha amandla aphezulu we-Nd:YAG lasers lapho empontshwa ama-diode (Lera et al., 2016).
2.Ukuguquguquka Kokusebenza kanye Nokwethenjelwa: Nd:Izitsha zobumba ze-YAG ziboniswe ukuthi zisebenza kahle kumaza amaza ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ubude beza obuphephile kweso, obusebenza kahle kakhulu be-optical-to-optical. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuguquguquka nokuthembeka kwe-Nd:YAG njengendlela yokuzuza ezinhlelweni ezahlukene zelaser (Zhang et al., 2013).
3.Ukuphila isikhathi eside kanye nekhwalithi ye-Beam: Ucwaningo ngelaser esebenza kahle kakhulu, epompa i-diode, i-Nd:YAG igcizelele ukuphila kwayo isikhathi eside nokusebenza okungaguquki, okubonisa ukufaneleka kwe-Nd:YAG kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga imithombo ye-laser ehlala isikhathi eside nethembekile. Ucwaningo lubike ukusebenza okunwetshiwe okungaphezu kwe-4.8 x 10 ^ 9 isibhamu ngaphandle kokulimala kokubona, ukugcina ikhwalithi enhle kakhulu ye-beam (Coyle et al., 2004).
4. Ukusebenza Okuqhubekayo Kwegagasi Okuphumelelayo Kakhulu:Ucwaningo lubonise ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kwe-continuous-wave (CW) kwama-laser e-Nd:YAG, okugqamisa ukusebenza kwawo njengendlela yokuzuza ezinhlelweni ze-laser ezipompa i-diode. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuzuza ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kokubona okuphezulu nokusebenza kahle kwemithambeka, okufakazela okwengeziwe ukufaneleka kwe-Nd:YAG yezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-laser ezisebenza kahle kakhulu (Zhu et al., 2013).

Inhlanganisela yokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukuphuma kwamandla, ukuguquguquka kokusebenza, ukwethembeka, ukuphila isikhathi eside, kanye nekhwalithi ye-beam enhle kakhulu yenza i-Nd:YAG ibe yindawo ethandwayo yokuzuza kumamojula we-laser we-semiconductor-pumped ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ireferensi

Chang, Y., Su, K., Chang, H., & Chen, Y. (2009). I-laser ephephile yeso esebenza kahle ye-Q eshintshelwe ku-1525 nm ene-double-end diffusion-bonded crystal Nd:YVO4 crystal njengendlela yokuziphendulela. I-Optics Express, 17(6), 4330-4335.

Gong, G., Chen, Y., Lin, Y., Huang, J., Gong, X., Luo, Z., & Huang, Y. (2016). Ukukhula kanye nezakhiwo ze-spectroscopic ze-Er:Yb:KGd(PO3)_4 crystal njengendlela ethembisayo ye-laser engu-155 µm. I-Optical Materials Express, 6, 3518-3526.

Vysokikh, DK, Bazakutsa, A., Dorofeenko, AV, & Butov, O. (2023). Imodeli esuselwe ekuhlolweni ye-Er/Yb izuza okumaphakathi kuma-fiber amplifiers namalaser. Ijenali ye-Optical Society of America B.

Lera, R., Valle-Brozas, F., Torres-Peiró, S., Ruiz-de-la-Cruz, A., Galán, M., Bellido, P., Seimetz, M., Benlloch, J., & Roso, L. (2016). Ukulingisa kwephrofayili yenzuzo nokusebenza kwelaser ye-QCW Nd:YAG egxishwe ohlangothini lwe-diode. I-Applied Optics, 55(33), 9573-9576.

Zhang, H., Chen, X., Wang, Q., Zhang, X., Chang, J., Gao, L., Shen, H., Cong, Z., Liu, Z., Tao, X., & Li, P. (2013). Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu Nd:YAG ceramic eye-safe laser esebenza ku-1442.8 nm. Izincwadi ze-Optics, 38(16), 3075-3077.

Coyle, DB, Kay, R., Stysley, P., & Poulios, D. (2004). Esebenza kahle, enokwethenjelwa, yempilo ende, i-diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser yocwaningo lwendawo yezitshalo ezisekelwe emkhathini. I-Applied Optics, 43(27), 5236-5242.

U-Zhu, HY, Xu, CW, Zhang, J., Tang, D., Luo, D., & Duan, Y. (2013). Ama-laser e-ceramic asebenza kahle kakhulu e-Nd:YAG ku-946 nm. Izincwadi ze-Laser Physics, i-10.

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